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Relational dialectics

Relational dialectics is an interpersonal communication theory about close personal ties and relationships that highlights the tensions, struggles, and interplay between contrary tendencies.[1] The theory, proposed by Leslie Baxter[2] and Barbara Montgomery[3] in 1988, defines communication patterns between relationship partners as the result of endemic dialectical tensions. Dialectics are described as the tensions an individual feels when experiencing paradoxical desires that we need and/ or want.

The theory contains four assumptions: relationships are not unidimensional; change is a key element in life; tension is everlasting; communication is essential to work through conflicted feelings.[4] Relational communication theories allow for opposing views or forces to come together in a reasonable way.[5] When making decisions, desires and viewpoints that often contradict one another are mentioned and lead to dialectical tensions.[6] Leslie A. Baxter and Barbara M. Montgomery exemplify these contradictory statements that arise from individuals experience dialectal tensions using common proverbs such as "opposites attract", but "birds of a feather flock together"; as well as, "two's company; three's a crowd" but "the more the merrier".[7] This does not mean these opposing tensions are fundamentally troublesome for the relationship; on the contrary, they simply bring forward a discussion of the connection between two parties.[8]

The relational dialectic is an elaboration on Mikhail Bakhtin's idea that life is an open monologue and humans experience collisions between opposing desires and needs within relational communications.[9] Baxter includes a list of dialectical tensions that reminds us that relationships are constantly changing, and that successful and satisfying relationships require constant attention. Although Baxter's description of relational dialectics is thorough, it is not exact or all-inclusive since we all experience different tensions in different ways.

  1. ^ Griffin, Emory. "Chapter 12: Relational Dialectics." First Look at Communication Theory. [S.l.]: Mcgraw Hill Higher Educat, 2011. 153–67.
  2. ^ Baxter, L. A. (1988). A dialectical perspective of communication strategies in relationship development. In S. Duck. (Ed.) Handbook of personal relationships (pp. 257–273). New York: Wiley.
  3. ^ Montgomery, Barbara. (1988). "A Dialectical Analysis of the Tensions, Functions and Strategic Challenges of Communication in Young Adult Friendships,"Communication Yearbook 12, ed. James A. Anderson (Newbury, CA: Sage), 157–189.
  4. ^ West, Richard (2018). Introducing Communication Theory. New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. e.g. 188–190. ISBN 9781259922138.
  5. ^ Littlejohn, S.W., & Foss, K.A. "Chapter 7: The Relationship." Theories of Human Communication. 10th Edition. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2011. 243-246.
  6. ^ Cheney, G., Christensen, L. T., Zorn, T. E. and Ganesh, S. (2011) Organizational Communication in an Age of Globalization. (Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press), pp 147–151.
  7. ^ Baxter, L. A., & Montgomery, B. M. (1996). Relating: Dialogues and dialectics. New York:Guilford.
  8. ^ Nasser, Khaled; Dabbous, Yasmine; Baba, Dima (2013). "From Strangers To Spouses: Early Relational Dialectics in Arranged Marriages Among Muslim Families in Lebanon". Journal of Comparative Family Studies. 44 (serial online): 387–406. doi:10.3138/jcfs.44.3.387.
  9. ^ Baxter, L. A. (2204). A tale of two voices: relational dialectics theory. The Journal of Family Communication, 4(3&4), 182–192.

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