Reticulate evolution, or network evolution is the origination of a lineage through the partial merging of two ancestor lineages, leading to relationships better described by a phylogenetic network than a bifurcating tree.[1] Reticulate patterns can be found in the phylogenetic reconstructions of biodiversity lineages obtained by comparing the characteristics of organisms.[2] Reticulation processes can potentially be convergent and divergent at the same time.[3] Reticulate evolution indicates the lack of independence between two evolutionary lineages.[1] Reticulation affects survival, fitness and speciation rates of species.[2]
Reticulate evolution can happen between lineages separated only for a short time, for example through hybrid speciation in a species complex. Nevertheless, it also takes place over larger evolutionary distances, as exemplified by the presence of organelles of bacterial origin in eukaryotic cells.[2]
Reticulation occurs at various levels:[4] at a chromosomal level, meiotic recombination causes evolution to be reticulate; at a species level, reticulation arises through hybrid speciation and horizontal gene transfer; and at a population level, sexual recombination causes reticulation.[1]
The adjective reticulate stems from the Latin words reticulatus, "having a net-like pattern" from reticulum, "little net."[5]
- ^ a b c Linder, C. Randal; Moret, Bernard M.E.; Nakhleh, Luay; Warnow, Tandy (5 November 2003). "Network (Reticulate) Evolution: Biology, Models, and Algorithms" (PDF).
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
:6was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Hale, W. G. (1995). Dictionary of Biology. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-470805-8.[page needed]
- ^ Perez, Julio E; Alfonsi, Carmen; Munoz, Carlos. (2010). "Towards a New Evolutionary Theory". Interciencia 35: 862-868.
- ^ "reticulate". Online Etymology Dictionary.
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