Roman type

In Latin script typography, roman is one of the three main kinds of historical type, alongside blackletter and italic. Sometimes called normal, it is distinct from these two for its upright style (relative to the calligraphy-inspired italic) and its simplicity (relative to blackletter).

During the early Renaissance, roman (in the form of Antiqua) and italic type were used separately. Today, roman and italic type are mixed, and most typefaces are composed of both an upright roman style and an associated italic or oblique style.

^ Amert, Kay (April 2008). "Stanley Morison's Aldine Hypothesis Revisited". Design Issues. 24 (2): 53–71. doi:10.1162/desi.2008.24.2.53. S2CID 57566512.
^ Vervliet, Hendrik D.L. (2008). The palaeotypography of the French Renaissance. Selected papers on sixteenth-century typefaces. 2 vols. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV. pp. 90–91, etc. ISBN 978-90-04-16982-1. [On Robert Estienne's typefaces of the 1530s]: Its outstanding design became standard for Roman type in the two centuries to follow...From the 1540s onwards French Romans and Italics had begun to infiltrate, probably by way of Lyons, the typography of the neighbouring countries. In Italy, major printers replaced the older, noble but worn Italian characters and their imitations from Basle.
^ Bergsland, David (29 August 2012). "Aldine: the intellectuals begin their assault on font design". The Skilled Workman. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
^ Parkes, Malcolm Beckwith (1992). Pause and Effect: An Introduction to the History of Punctuation in the West. Aldershot, UK: Scolar Press. p. 215.

[Stanley_Morison's_Aldine_Hypothesis_Revisited-1] Amert, Kay (April 2008). "Stanley Morison's Aldine Hypothesis Revisited". Design Issues. 24 (2): 53–71. doi:10.1162/desi.2008.24.2.53. S2CID 57566512.

[palaeotypography-2] Vervliet, Hendrik D.L. (2008). The palaeotypography of the French Renaissance. Selected papers on sixteenth-century typefaces. 2 vols. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV. pp. 90–91, etc. ISBN 978-90-04-16982-1. [On Robert Estienne's typefaces of the 1530s]: Its outstanding design became standard for Roman type in the two centuries to follow...From the 1540s onwards French Romans and Italics had begun to infiltrate, probably by way of Lyons, the typography of the neighbouring countries. In Italy, major printers replaced the older, noble but worn Italian characters and their imitations from Basle.

[Aldine:_the_intellectuals_begin_their_assault_on_font_design-3] Bergsland, David (29 August 2012). "Aldine: the intellectuals begin their assault on font design". The Skilled Workman. Retrieved 14 August 2015.

[4] Parkes, Malcolm Beckwith (1992). Pause and Effect: An Introduction to the History of Punctuation in the West. Aldershot, UK: Scolar Press. p. 215.

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