Ronin (film)

Ronin
Ronin
	Theatrical release poster
Directed by	John Frankenheimer
Screenplay by	J.D. Zeik; David Mamet; (as Richard Weisz);
Story by	J.D. Zeik
Produced by	Frank Mancuso Jr.
Starring	Robert De Niro; Jean Reno; Natascha McElhone; Stellan Skarsgård; Sean Bean; Jonathan Pryce;
Cinematography	Robert Fraisse
Edited by	Tony Gibbs
Music by	Elia Cmiral
Production; companies	United Artists; FGM Entertainment;
Distributed by	MGM Distribution Co.
Release dates	September 12, 1998 (Venice Film Festival); September 25, 1998 (United States);
Running time	121 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$55 million
Box office	$70.7 million

Ronin is a 1998 American action thriller film directed by John Frankenheimer and written by John David Zeik and David Mamet, under the pseudonym Richard Weisz. It stars an ensemble cast consisting of Robert De Niro, Jean Reno, Natascha McElhone, Stellan Skarsgård, Sean Bean, and Jonathan Pryce. The film is about a team of former special operatives hired to steal a mysterious, heavily guarded briefcase while navigating a maze of shifting loyalties. The film was praised for its realistic car chases in Nice and Paris.

Frankenheimer signed to direct Zeik's screenplay, which Mamet rewrote to expand De Niro's role and develop plot details, in 1997. The film was photographed by Robert Fraisse in his native France from November 3, 1997, to March 3, 1998. Professional racing car drivers coordinated and performed the vehicle stunts, and Elia Cmiral scored the film, his first for a major studio.

Ronin premiered at the 1998 Venice Film Festival before its general release on September 25. Critics were generally positive about the film's action, casting, and technical aspects, while the plot attracted criticism. The film underperformed at the box office, grossing $70.7 million on a $55 million budget. Ronin, Frankenheimer's last well-received feature film,^[6] was considered to be a return to form for the director. Film critic and historian Stephen Prince called the film Frankenheimer's "end-of-career masterpiece".^[7] The car chases, which were favorably compared with those in Bullitt and The French Connection,^[8]^[9] were included on several media outlets' lists as among the best depicted on film.

^ "Ronin (1998)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on December 11, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2017.
^ Cite error: The named reference variety was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b "Ronin (15)". British Board of Film Classification. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
^ "Ronin (1998)". American Film Institute. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference numbers was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference tcm was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Pomerance & Palmer 2011, p. 87.
^ Keeling, Robert (April 16, 2018). "Looking back at Ronin". Den of Geek!. United Kingdom: Dennis Publishing. Archived from the original on May 8, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
^
Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 1. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
- Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 2. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
- Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 3. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
- Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 4. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

[bfi-1] "Ronin (1998)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on December 11, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2017.

[variety-2] Cite error: The named reference variety was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[bbfc-3] "Ronin (15)". British Board of Film Classification. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2017.

[4] "Ronin (1998)". American Film Institute. Retrieved February 1, 2019.

[numbers-5] Cite error: The named reference numbers was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[tcm-6] Cite error: The named reference tcm was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[FOOTNOTEPomerancePalmer201187-7] Pomerance & Palmer 2011, p. 87.

[keeling-8] Keeling, Robert (April 16, 2018). "Looking back at Ronin". Den of Geek!. United Kingdom: Dennis Publishing. Archived from the original on May 8, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2018.

[magid-9] Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 1. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 2. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 3. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 4. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

[10] Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 2. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

[11] Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 3. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

[12] Magid, Ron (October 1998). "Samurai Tactics". American Cinematographer. p. 4. ISSN 0002-7928. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved May 15, 2013.

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