Rowther

Rowther
	Tamil Muslims of Madras presidency in 1830
Regions with significant populations
	Tamilnadu, Kerala, Malaysia, Singapore
Languages
	Tamil (Mother Tongue), Malayalam
Religion
	Islam (Sect – Sunni, Madhab – Hanafi)
Related ethnic groups
	Tamil People, Tamil Muslims, Mukkulathor Clan

The Rowther (anglicised as Irauttar, Rawther, Ravuttar, Ravutta, Ravuthar, Ravuthamar) are originally a Tamil community from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and Kerala.^[1] They were converted to Islam by the preacher Nathar Shah.^[2] Even after conversion they retained their caste name. They were elite cavalrymen of the Chola and Pandya kingdoms.^[3] They were traditionally a martial clan like the Maravars,^[4] and constitute large part of the multi-ethnic Tamil Muslim community.^[5] Rowthers have also been found as Tamil polygars, zamindars and chieftains from the 16th to 18th centuries.^[6] The traditional homelands of the Rowthers were in the interior of Southern Tamilakam.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]

Another theory suggest they are descendants of Turkic people who came in Chola Empire.^[13]

^ More, J. B. Prashant (1997). The political evolution of Muslims in Tamilnadu and Madras, 1930–1947. Hyderabad, India: Orient Longman. pp. 21–22. ISBN 81-250-1011-4. OCLC 37770527.
^ "Veneration of the prophet Muhammad in an Islamic Pillaittamil. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
^ Tschacher, Torsten (2001). Islam in Tamilnadu : varia. Halle (Saale): Institut für Indologie und Südasienwissenschaften der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg. pp. 94, 95. ISBN 3-86010-627-9. OCLC 50208020.
^ Hiltebeitel, Alf (1988). The cult of Draupadī. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 13. ISBN 0-226-34045-7. OCLC 16833684.
^ Singh, K. S., ed. (1998). People of India: India's communities. New Delhi, India: Oxford University Press. pp. 3001–3002. ISBN 0-19-563354-7. OCLC 40849565.
^ Hiltebeitel, Alf (1988–1991). The cult of Draupadī. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 13–14, 102. ISBN 0-226-34045-7. OCLC 16833684.
^ More, J. B. Prashant (2004). Muslim Identity, Print Culture, and the Dravidian Factor in Tamil Nadu. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-250-2632-7.
^ Rājāmukamatu, Je (2005). Maritime History of the Coromandel Muslims: A Socio-historical Study on the Tamil Muslims 1750–1900. Director of Museums, Government Museum.
^ Jairath, Vinod K. (3 April 2013). Frontiers of Embedded Muslim Communities in India. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-19679-9.
^ Hussein, Asiff (2007). Sarandib: An Ethnological Study of the Muslims of Sri Lanka. Asiff Hussein. ISBN 978-955-97262-2-7.
^ Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ What is Rowther? Explain Rowther, Define Rowther, Meaning of Rowther, archived from the original on 21 December 2021, retrieved 25 March 2021

[:1-1] More, J. B. Prashant (1997). The political evolution of Muslims in Tamilnadu and Madras, 1930–1947. Hyderabad, India: Orient Longman. pp. 21–22. ISBN 81-250-1011-4. OCLC 37770527.

[2] "Veneration of the prophet Muhammad in an Islamic Pillaittamil. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

[3] Tschacher, Torsten (2001). Islam in Tamilnadu : varia. Halle (Saale): Institut für Indologie und Südasienwissenschaften der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg. pp. 94, 95. ISBN 3-86010-627-9. OCLC 50208020.

[4] Hiltebeitel, Alf (1988). The cult of Draupadī. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 13. ISBN 0-226-34045-7. OCLC 16833684.

[5] Singh, K. S., ed. (1998). People of India: India's communities. New Delhi, India: Oxford University Press. pp. 3001–3002. ISBN 0-19-563354-7. OCLC 40849565.

[:7-6] Hiltebeitel, Alf (1988–1991). The cult of Draupadī. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 13–14, 102. ISBN 0-226-34045-7. OCLC 16833684.

[7] More, J. B. Prashant (2004). Muslim Identity, Print Culture, and the Dravidian Factor in Tamil Nadu. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-250-2632-7.

[:10-8] Rājāmukamatu, Je (2005). Maritime History of the Coromandel Muslims: A Socio-historical Study on the Tamil Muslims 1750–1900. Director of Museums, Government Museum.

[9] Jairath, Vinod K. (3 April 2013). Frontiers of Embedded Muslim Communities in India. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-19679-9.

[10] Hussein, Asiff (2007). Sarandib: An Ethnological Study of the Muslims of Sri Lanka. Asiff Hussein. ISBN 978-955-97262-2-7.

[:4-11] Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:0-12] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[13] What is Rowther? Explain Rowther, Define Rowther, Meaning of Rowther, archived from the original on 21 December 2021, retrieved 25 March 2021

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]