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Sea star wasting disease

The leg of this Pisaster ochraceus sea star in Oregon is disintegrating as a result of sea star wasting syndrome

Sea star wasting disease or starfish wasting syndrome is a disease of starfish and several other echinoderms that appears sporadically, causing mass mortality of those affected.[1] There are approximately 40 species of sea stars that have been affected by this disease. At least 20 of these species were on the Northwestern coast of Mexico to Alaska.[2] The disease seems to be associated with increased water temperatures in some locales,[3][4] but not others.[5][6] It starts with the emergence of lesions, followed by body fragmentation and death.[7] In 2014 it was suggested that the disease is associated with a single-stranded DNA virus now known as the sea star-associated densovirus (SSaDV). [8] However, this hypothesis was refuted by recent research in 2018 and 2020.[9][10][11] Sea star wasting disease is still not fully understood.[7][12]

  1. ^ Dawsoni, Solaster. "Sea Star Species Affected by Wasting Syndrome." Pacificrockyintertidal.org Seastarwasting.org (n.d.): n. pag. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Web.
  2. ^ "Sea Star Wasting Syndrome (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Archived from the original on 2023-09-27. Retrieved 2023-09-20.
  3. ^ Eisenlord, Morgan E.; Groner, Maya L.; Yoshioka, Reyn M.; Elliott, Joel; Maynard, Jeffrey; Fradkin, Steven; Turner, Margaret; Pyne, Katie; Rivlin, Natalie (2016-03-05). "Ochre star mortality during the 2014 wasting disease epizootic: role of population size structure and temperature". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 371 (1689): 20150212. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0212. ISSN 0962-8436. PMC 4760142. PMID 26880844.
  4. ^ Bates, Amanda E.; Hilton, Brett J.; Harley, Christopher D. G. (2009-11-09). "Effects of temperature, season and locality on wasting disease in the keystone predatory sea star Pisaster ochraceus". Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 86 (3): 245–251. doi:10.3354/dao02125. ISSN 0177-5103. PMID 20066959.
  5. ^ Menge, Bruce A.; Cerny-Chipman, Elizabeth B.; Johnson, Angela; Sullivan, Jenna; Gravem, Sarah; Chan, Francis (2016-05-04). "Sea Star Wasting Disease in the Keystone Predator Pisaster ochraceus in Oregon: Insights into Differential Population Impacts, Recovery, Predation Rate, and Temperature Effects from Long-Term Research". PLOS ONE. 11 (5): e0153994. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1153994M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153994. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4856327. PMID 27144391.
  6. ^ Miner, C. Melissa; Burnaford, Jennifer L.; Ambrose, Richard F.; Antrim, Liam; Bohlmann, Heath; Blanchette, Carol A.; Engle, John M.; Fradkin, Steven C.; Gaddam, Rani (2018-03-20). "Large-scale impacts of sea star wasting disease (SSWD) on intertidal sea stars and implications for recovery". PLOS ONE. 13 (3): e0192870. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1392870M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192870. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5860697. PMID 29558484.
  7. ^ a b "Sea Star Wasting Syndrome". UC Santa Cruz. Pacific Rocky Intertidal Monitoring. Archived from the original on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 2014-02-01.
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hewson 17278–17283 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference :6 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference :7 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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