Seiji Ogawa

Seiji Ogawa
Born	(1934-01-19) 19 January 1934 (age 90) Tokyo, Japan
Alma mater	University of Tokyo Stanford University
Known for	fMRI
Awards	Max Delbruck Prize (1996) Japan Prize (2003) Gairdner Foundation International Award (2003) Keio Medical Science Prize (2017)
Scientific career
Fields	Neuroscience Biophysics
Institutions	AT&T Bell Laboratories Tohoku Fukushi University Osaka University

Seiji Ogawa (小川 誠二 Ogawa Seiji, born January 19, 1934) is a Japanese biophysicist and neuroscientist known for discovering the technique that underlies Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). He is regarded as the father of modern functional brain imaging.^{[citation needed]} He determined that the changes in blood oxygen levels cause its magnetic resonance imaging properties to change, allowing a map of blood, and hence, functional, activity in the brain to be created. This map reflected which neurons of the brain responded with electrochemical signals to mental processes. He was the first scientist who demonstrated that the functional brain imaging is dependent on the oxygenation status of the blood, the BOLD effect. The technique was therefore called blood oxygenation level-dependent or BOLD contrast. Functional MRI (fMRI) has been used to map the visual, auditory, and sensory regions and moving toward higher brain functions such as cognitive functions in the brain.

In 2020, Ogawa was appointed as Osaka University Distinguished Honorary Professor. He is the second scholar to receive this title after Nobel Prize winner Yoichiro Nambu.^[1]