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Sex segregation, sex separation, sex partition, gender segregation, gender separation, or gender partition[1][2] is the physical, legal, or cultural separation of people according to their gender or biological sex at any age. Sex segregation can simply refer to the physical and spatial separation by sex without any connotation of illegal discrimination. In other circumstances, sex segregation can be controversial. Depending on the circumstances, it can be a violation of capabilities and human rights and can create economic inefficiencies; on the other hand, some supporters argue that it is central to certain religious laws and social and cultural histories and traditions.[3][4]
Sex segregation is a global phenomenon manifested differently in varying localities.[5] Sex segregation and integration considered harmless or normal in one country can be considered radical or illegal in others.[6] At the same time, many laws and policies promoting segregation or desegregation recur across multiple national contexts. Safety and privacy concerns, traditional values and cultural norms, and belief that sex segregation can produce positive educational and overall social outcomes all shape public policy regarding sex segregation.
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