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ཤར་པ་ shar pa | |
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![]() Young Sherpas in traditional attire at West Bengal Sherpa Cultural Board | |
Regions with significant populations | |
![]() | 120,000[1] |
![]() | 65,000 (above)[2] |
![]() | 10,700 |
![]() | 16,800 |
![]() | 2,000[3] |
Languages | |
Sherpa, Tibetan, Nepali | |
Religion | |
Predominantly Buddhism (93%) and minority: Hinduism, Bön, Christianity | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Tibetans, Tamang, Hyolmo, Jirels, Rai and other Tibeto-Burman groups |
The Sherpas (Standard Tibetan: ཤར་པ་, romanized: shar pa) are one of the Tibetan ethnic groups native to the most mountainous regions of Nepal and Tibetan Autonomous Region of China. The term sherpa derives from the Tibetan words shar (ཤར, 'east') and pa (པ, 'people'), which refer to their geographical origin in eastern Tibet (Kham).[4][5]
The majority of Sherpas live in the eastern regions of Nepal, namely in Solukhumba, Khatra, Kama, Rolwaling, Barun and Pharak valleys,[6] though some live farther West in the Bigu and in the Helambu region north of Kathmandu, Nepal. Sherpas establish gompas where they practice their religious traditions. Tengboche was the first celibate monastery in Solu-Khumbu. Sherpa people also live in Tingri County, Bhutan, and the Indian states of Sikkim and the northern portion of West Bengal, specifically the district of Darjeeling. The Sherpa language belongs to the southern branch of the Tibeto-Burman languages, mixed with Eastern Tibet (Khamba) and central Tibetan dialects. However, this language is separate from Lhasa Tibetan and unintelligible to Lhasa speakers.[7]
The number of Sherpas migrating to Western countries has significantly increased in recent years, especially to the United States. New York City has the largest Sherpa community in the United States, with a population of approximately 16,000. The 2011 Nepal census recorded 512,946 Sherpas within its borders. Members of the Sherpa population are known for their skills in mountaineering as a livelihood.
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