Sikh Confederacy Sikh Misalā | |||||||||||||
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1748–1799 | |||||||||||||
Motto: ਅਕਾਲ ਸਹਾਇ Akāl Sahāi "With God's Grace" | |||||||||||||
Anthem: ਦੇਗ ਤੇਗ ਫ਼ਤਿਹ Dēg Tēg Fateh "Victory to Charity and Arms" | |||||||||||||
![]() Map of the Sikh Confederacy (1782) | |||||||||||||
Status | Confederation | ||||||||||||
Capital | Amritsar | ||||||||||||
Language | Punjabi | ||||||||||||
Religion | Sikhism (official) | ||||||||||||
Government | Aristocratic republics[1] | ||||||||||||
Jathedar | |||||||||||||
• 1748–1753 | Nawab Kapur Singh | ||||||||||||
• 1753–1783 | Jassa Singh Ahluwalia | ||||||||||||
• 1783–1799 | Naina Singh | ||||||||||||
Legislature | Sarbat Khalsa | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Passing of Gurmata to establish the Sikh Confederacy | 29 March 1748 | ||||||||||||
• Ranjit Singh unites the Sikh Confederacy into the Sikh Empire | 7 July 1799 | ||||||||||||
Currency | Nanakshahi | ||||||||||||
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Today part of | India Pakistan |
The Sikh Confederacy was a confederation of twelve sovereign Sikh states (each known as a Misl, derived from the Arabic word مِثْل meaning 'equal'; sometimes spelt as Misal)[2][3][4][5] which rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent and is cited as one of the causes of the weakening of the Mughal Empire prior to Nader Shah's invasion of India (1738–1740).[6]
The word misl seems to have been derived from an Arabic word meaning: equal.
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