| |
---|---|
Total population | |
c. 45 million | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Pakistan | 39,252,262[1][2] |
India | 3,000,000[3][4][5][6][a] |
Saudi Arabia | 180,980 (2020)[7] |
United Arab Emirates | 94,620[8] |
United States | 38,760[9] |
United Kingdom | 25,000[10] |
Malaysia | 30,000 (2021)[3][11] |
Afghanistan (Sindhis in Afghanistan) | 21,000[7] |
Hong Kong | 20,000[12] |
Philippines | 20,000 (1997)[3] |
Bangladesh | 15,000[citation needed] |
Oman | 14,700 (2020)[3] |
Canada | 12,065[13] |
Singapore[14] | 11,860[15] |
Indonesia | ~10,000[16] |
Kenya | 3,300 (2020)[3] |
Australia | 2,640 (2021)[7][17] |
Belize | 1,200 (2011)[7] |
Sri Lanka | 1,000[citation needed] |
Saint Martin | 1,000[18] |
Gibraltar | 500[19] |
Languages | |
Sindhi Hindi–Urdu, English (Sanskrit/Arabic as liturgical languages) and numerous other languages widely spoken within the Sindhi diaspora | |
Religion | |
Majority: Islam Minority:
| |
Related ethnic groups | |
Gujaratis, Punjabis, Rajasthanis, Balochis |
Sindhis (/ˈsɪndiːz/; Sindhi: سنڌي (Perso-Arabic), सिन्धी (Devanagari), romanized: sindhī)[21] are an Indo-Aryan[21] ethnolinguistic group who speak the Sindhi language and are native to the Sindh province of Pakistan. The historical homeland of Sindhis is bordered by the southeastern part of Balochistan, the Bahawalpur region of Punjab and the Kutch region of Gujarat.[22][23] Having been isolated throughout history, unlike its neighbours, Sindhi culture has preserved its uniqueness.[24][25]
After the partition of British India in 1947, many Sindhi Hindus and Sindhi Sikhs migrated to the newly independent Dominion of India and other parts of the world; some Sindhis fled and formed diasporas settling in countries such as England[26] and the United States. Pakistani Sindhis are predominantly Muslim with a smaller Sikh and Hindu minority that are concentrated mostly in the eastern Sindh, whereas Indian Sindhis are predominantly Hindu with smaller Sikh and Jain minorities. Despite being geographically separated, Sindhis still maintain strong ties to each other and share similar cultural values and practices.[27][28]
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Sindhis |
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Sindh portal |
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Cultural and territorial proximity has a major influence on the similarities of languages. There was a time when Sindh was a sovereign country and was a lot bigger than its present geographical boundaries. It included parts of present day Punjab and Bahawalpur, Lasbela (Balochistan), Kachh (India) and some southern parts of present day Balochistan. That is why Sindhi has very deep relations with languages of these regions. In fact one can say that the dialects and sub- dialects of this region ie Punjabi, Multani, Seraiki, Kachhi etc are greatly influenced by Sindhi and in a way can be considered akin to it. In addition to the local languages, Sindhi is also closely related to languages of the neighbouring regions. In the pre-historic and even the historic period, for a long time India was a common social and political entity, and in this period the court languages, indigenous as well as foreign, must have influenced the regional languages.
Sindh's rich cultural and religious diversity makes it unique in Pakistan. In past few decades, there has been a growing interest in the archaeology of Sindh by both local and international scholars.
Despite a shift away from habitual use of Sindhi language, they have maintained their cultural values and norms.
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