Sodium nitroprusside

Sodium nitroprusside
	Molecular structure of this compound (top), and a picture of a sample (bottom).
Clinical data
Trade names	Nipride, Nitropress, others
Other names	SNP
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US FDA: Nitroprusside;
Pregnancy; category	AU: C; ;
Routes of; administration	Intravenous
ATC code	C02DD01 (WHO) QC02DD01 (vet);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	100% (intravenous)
Metabolism	By haemoglobin being converted to cyanmethaemoglobin and cyanide ions
Onset of action	nearly immediate
Elimination half-life	<2 minutes (3 days for thiocyanate metabolite)
Duration of action	1 to 10 minutes
Excretion	kidney (100%; as thiocyanate)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name Sodium pentacyanidonitrosylferrate(III);
CAS Number	13755-38-9;
PubChem CID	11953895;
DrugBank	DB00325;
ChemSpider	21170789;
UNII	EAO03PE1TC;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL136478;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7041126 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.119.126
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C5FeN6Na2O
Molar mass	261.921 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Density	1.72 g/cm3
Solubility in water	100 mg/mL (20 °C)
	SMILES [Na+].[Na+].O=N[Fe--](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N;
	InChI InChI=1S/5CN.Fe.NO.2Na/c51-2;;1-2;;/q;;;;;2-1;2*+1; Key:FPWUWQVZUNFZQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), sold under the brand name Nitropress among others, is a medication used to lower blood pressure.^[3] This may be done if the blood pressure is very high and resulting in symptoms, in certain types of heart failure, and during surgery to decrease bleeding.^[3] It is used by continuous injection into a vein.^[3] Onset is nearly immediate and effects last for up to ten minutes.^[3]

It is available as a generic medication.^[5]

^ "Nitroprusside Rmb, Nitroprusside Sxp, Nitroprusside Tlb (Southern XP IP Pty Ltd)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 5 December 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
^ "Sodium nitroprusside Baxter (Baxter Healthcare Pty Ltd)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 2 June 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Sodium Nitroprusside". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^ Cite error: The named reference GG was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "First Generic Drug Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.