South Kalimantan

South Kalimantan Kalimantan Selatan
Province
Province of South Kalimantan
Coat of arms
Motto(s):  Wadja Sampai Kaputing (Banjar) Strong as steel until the end
Location of South Kalimantan in Indonesia
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 2°30′S 115°30′E / 2.500°S 115.500°E / -2.500; 115.500
Established	14 August 1950
Capital	Banjarbaru[1] 03°26′33″S 114°49′57″E / 3.44250°S 114.83250°E / -3.44250; 114.83250
Largest city	Banjarmasin 3°20′S 114°35′E / 3.333°S 114.583°E / -3.333; 114.583
Government
• Body	South Kalimantan Provincial Government
• Governor	Sahbirin Noor (Golkar)
• Vice Governor	Muhidin
Area
• Total	38,320.66 km2 (14,795.69 sq mi)
• Rank	19th in Indonesia
Highest elevation (Gunung Besar)	1,901 m (6,237 ft)
Population  (mid 2023 estimate)[2]
• Total	4,221,929
• Density	110/km2 (290/sq mi)
Demographics
• Ethnic groups	76% Banjarese 13% Javanese 11% other (Buginese, Dayak, Madurese, Sundanese, Chinese etc)[3]
• Languages	Indonesian (official) Banjarese
Time zone	UTC+8 (Indonesia Central Time)
ISO 3166 code	ID-KS
GDP (nominal)	2022
- Total[4]	Rp 251.3 trillion (18th) US$ 16.9 billion Int$ 52.8 billion (PPP)
- Per capita[5]	Rp 60.1 million (16th) US$ 4,046 Int$ 12,626 (PPP)
- Growth[6]	5.11%
HDI	0.725 (20th) – high
Website	kalselprov.go.id

South Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Selatan) is a province of Indonesia. It is the smallest province in Kalimantan, the Indonesian territory of the island of Borneo. The provincial capital was Banjarmasin until 15 February 2022 when it was legally moved to Banjarbaru.^[1][7] The population of South Kalimantan was recorded at just over 3.625 million people at the 2010 Census,^[8] and at 4.07 million at the 2020 Census.^[9] The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 4,221,929 (comprising 2,133,224 males and 2,088,705 females).^[2] One of the five Indonesian provinces in Kalimantan, it is bordered by the Makassar Strait in the east, Central Kalimantan in the west and north, the Java Sea in the south, and East Kalimantan in the northeast. The province also includes the island of Pulau Laut ("Sea Island"), located off the eastern coast of Kalimantan, as well as other smaller offshore islands. The province is divided into 11 regencies and 2 cities. South Kalimantan is the traditional homeland of the Banjar people, although some parts of East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan are also included in this criterion. Nevertheless, South Kalimantan, especially the former capital city Banjarmasin has always been the cultural capital of Banjarese culture. Many Banjarese have migrated to other parts of Indonesia, as well as neighbouring countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. In addition, other ethnic groups also inhabit the province, such as several groups of the Dayaks, who mostly live in the interior part of the province, as well as the Javanese, who mostly migrated from Java due to the Transmigration program which dated from the Dutch colonial era. It is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has a larger population than Mongolia.

The territory of what is now South Kalimantan, bounced between local Kingdoms, because of its strategic location for trade, before becoming tributes to the Sultanate of Mataram in the 17th century, with increasing Dutch encroachment, the territory was colonized as part of the Dutch East Indies and the Japanese Empire until Indonesian Independence in 1945.