Soviet submarine S-1

S-1 during sea trials in 1936
History
Soviet Union
Name	S-1, previously N-1
Builder	Baltic Shipyard, Leningrad
Yard number	266
Laid down	25 December 1934
Launched	8 August 1935
Commissioned	11 September 1936
Fate	Scuttled in Liepāja on 23 June 1941, raised by Germans and used for tests before being sunk on 7 August 1943.
General characteristics
Class and type	S-class submarine (Series IX)
Displacement	840 t (830 long tons) surfaced 1,070 t (1,050 long tons) submerged
Length	77.8 m (255 ft 3 in)
Beam	6.4 m (21 ft 0 in)
Draft	4 m (13 ft 1 in)
Propulsion	2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors 2 × shafts
Speed	19.5 knots (36.1 km/h) surfaced 9 knots (17 km/h) submerged
Range	9,500 nmi (17,600 km)
Test depth	80 m (260 ft)
Complement	46
Armament	6 × torpedo tubes 2 × deck guns
Service record [1]
Part of:	Baltic Fleet 1st Submarine Brigade
Commanders:	D. M. Kosmin 11 September 1936 – 4 July 1937 A. E. Oryol 4 July 1937 – 9 February 1938 A. V. Tripolsky 23 March 1938 – 28 February 1940 I. T. Morskoi 28 February 1940 – 23 June 1941
Operations:	1st war patrol: 3–12 December 1939 2nd war patrol: 22 December 1939 – 20 January 1940 Blockade of Riga: 9–22 June 1940
Victories:	1 merchant ship sunk (3,324 GRT)

S-1 (Russian: С-1) was the lead ship of the S-class submarines of the Soviet Navy. It participated in the Winter War and the Soviet annexation of the Baltic states in 1940 before undergoing repairs and being scuttled by its crew in a shipyard at the start of Operation Barbarossa.

S-1 was among the first three S-class submarines that were built on the basis of the German-designed submarine E-1, the blueprints of which was sold to the Soviets in 1933. Soviet engineers, working together with the German designers, examined E-1 and made modifications to its design based on their requirements. S-1 was built in Leningrad and included German components.

The submarine carried out two patrols during the Winter War against Finland and was credited with sinking one transport, for a total of 3,324 gross register tons (GRT), and possibly shot down one Finnish aircraft. On its way back from its second patrol, S-1 was attacked by aircraft and also sustained damage to its hull while having to maneuver through ice in the Baltic Sea. For their actions, the entire crew was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the captain of S-1 at the time, Alexander Tripolsky, became a Hero of the Soviet Union. It later took part in the naval blockade of Riga when the Soviet Union occupied the Baltic states.

S-1 was undergoing repairs at a shipyard in Liepāja at the start of the Soviet–German War and was scuttled by its crew. The Germans later raised the submarine, since it was still intact, and used it for weapons testing by the Kriegsmarine before it was destroyed in August 1943.