Back Союз ТМ Bulgarian Sojuz-TM Czech Soyuz TM Spanish Soyouz-TM French Soiuz TM Galician סויוז-TM HE Szojuz TM Hungarian Sojuz-TM Italian Sojuz-TM Polish Soyuz TM Portuguese
 Soyuz-TM spacecraft. | |
| Manufacturer | Korolev |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Soviet Union and Russia |
| Operator | Soviet space program/Russian Federal Space Agency |
| Applications | Carry three cosmonauts to Mir and ISS and back |
| Specifications | |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Design life | Up to six months docked to station |
| Production | |
| Status | Out of service |
| Launched | 34 |
| Maiden launch | Soyuz TM-1, 1986 |
| Last launch | Soyuz TM-34, 2002 |
| Related spacecraft | |
| Derived from | Soyuz-T |
| Derivatives | Soyuz-TMA |
The Soyuz-TM were fourth generation (1986–2002) Soyuz spacecraft used for ferry flights to the Mir and ISS space stations. The Soyuz spacecraft consisted of three parts, the Orbital Module, the Descent Module and the Service Module.[1]
The first launch of the spacecraft was the uncrewed Soyuz TM-1 on May 21, 1986, where it docked with the Mir space station.[2] The final flight was Soyuz TM-34, which docked with the International Space Station and landed November 10, 2002.[3]
- ^ Miller, Denise (30 July 2013). "What is the Soyzu Spacecraft". nasa.gov.
- ^ Portree, David S. (1995). Mir Hardware Heritage (PDF). NASA. pp. 53–59. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2003-07-09.
- ^ "Soyuz ISS Missions" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-02.
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