Stadium ban decision

The Stadionverbots-Entscheidung (Beschl. v. 11.04.2018, Az. 1 BvR 3080/09)^[1] (lit. 'Stadium ban decision' in German; also known as the Stadionverbots-Beschluss)^[2] is a 2018 decision by the Bundesverfassungsgericht, the German federal constitutional court, in which a football fan unsuccessfully attempted to have his ban from German stadiums declared to be unlawful retroactively. The fan received a two-year nationwide ban from football stadiums in 2006 after allegedly taking part in an incident with other fans.^[3] The court set a higher standard for banning a fan from all stadiums for alleged misconduct, declaring some applicability of mittelbare Drittwirkung, "the doctrine of the indirect horizontal effects of fundamental rights", a legal concept unique to European jurisprudence in regards to procedural rights and equality to their treatment of fans.^[3] As long as there is a reasonable concern about future disruption, general bans are still permitted even if the subject is not proven to have committed a crime.^[4] The decision impacted how other actions of structurally powerful companies, particularly social media companies, are evaluated.^[5]

^ Towfigh, Emanuel V.; Gleixner, Alexander (2022). Smartbook Grundrechte: ein hybrides Lehrbuch mit 67 Lernvideos [Smartbook Fundamental Rights: a hybrid textbook with 67 learning videos]. NomosStudium (in German) (1. Auflage ed.). Baden-Baden: Nomos. pp. 56–59. ISBN 978-3-7489-1119-7.
^ Grünberger, Michael (1 May 2018). "Warum der Stadionverbots-Beschluss weit mehr ist als nur Common Sense" [Why the stadium ban decision is far more than just common sense]. Verfassungsblog (in German). doi:10.17176/20180502-131224. ISSN 2366-7044.
^ ^a ^b Cremer, Alexander; Suliak, Hasso (27 April 2018). "BVerfG: Stadionverbote sind an Grundrechten zu messen" [Federal Constitutional Court: Stadium bans must be measured against fundamental rights]. Legal Tribune Online (in German). Retrieved 9 July 2024.
^ "Fußball: Bundesverfassungsgericht hält Stadionverbote für zulässig" [Football: Federal Constitutional Court considers stadium bans permissible]. Der Spiegel (in German). 27 April 2018. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
^ Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:2-1] Towfigh, Emanuel V.; Gleixner, Alexander (2022). Smartbook Grundrechte: ein hybrides Lehrbuch mit 67 Lernvideos [Smartbook Fundamental Rights: a hybrid textbook with 67 learning videos]. NomosStudium (in German) (1. Auflage ed.). Baden-Baden: Nomos. pp. 56–59. ISBN 978-3-7489-1119-7.

[2] Grünberger, Michael (1 May 2018). "Warum der Stadionverbots-Beschluss weit mehr ist als nur Common Sense" [Why the stadium ban decision is far more than just common sense]. Verfassungsblog (in German). doi:10.17176/20180502-131224. ISSN 2366-7044.

[:1-3] Cremer, Alexander; Suliak, Hasso (27 April 2018). "BVerfG: Stadionverbote sind an Grundrechten zu messen" [Federal Constitutional Court: Stadium bans must be measured against fundamental rights]. Legal Tribune Online (in German). Retrieved 9 July 2024.

[:0-4] "Fußball: Bundesverfassungsgericht hält Stadionverbote für zulässig" [Football: Federal Constitutional Court considers stadium bans permissible]. Der Spiegel (in German). 27 April 2018. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 9 July 2024.

[:3-5] Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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