Private university in Stanford, California, US
Stanford University Motto Die Luft der Freiheit weht (German )[1] Motto in English
"The wind of freedom blows"[1] Type Private research university Established October 1, 1891; 132 years ago (October 1, 1891 ) [2] [3] Founder Leland and Jane Stanford Accreditation WSCUC Academic affiliations
Endowment $36.5 billion (2023)[4] Budget $8.9 billion (2023/24)[5] President Richard Saller (interim)Jonathan Levin (designate)Provost Jenny Martinez Academic staff
2,323 (Fall 2023)[6] Administrative staff
18,369 (Fall 2023)[7] Students 17,529 (Fall 2023)[6] Undergraduates 7,841 (Fall 2023)[6] Postgraduates 9,688 (Fall 2023)[6] Location , , Campus Large suburb :[8] 8,180-acre (3,310-hectare)[6] Other campuses Newspaper The Stanford Daily Colors Cardinal Red & White[9] Nickname Cardinal Sporting affiliations
Mascot Stanford Tree (unofficial)[10] Website stanford .edu
Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University )[11] [12] is a private research university in Stanford, California . It was founded in 1885 by Leland Stanford —a railroad magnate who served as the eighth governor of and then-incumbent senator from California —and his wife, Jane , in memory of their only child, Leland Jr .[2] Stanford has an 8,180-acre (3,310-hectare) campus, among the largest in the nation.[6] It is also frequently ranked amongst the most prestigious and highly respected universities in the world.[13] [14]
The university is organized around seven schools of study on the same campus. It also houses the Hoover Institution , a public policy think tank . Students compete in 36 varsity sports, and the university is one of two private institutions in the Pac-12 Conference . Stanford has won 131 NCAA team championships,[15] more than any other university, and was awarded the NACDA Directors' Cup for 25 consecutive years, beginning in 1994.[16] Stanford students and alumni have also won over 302 Olympic medals (including 153 gold) .[17]
The university admitted its first students in 1891,[2] [3] opening as a coeducational and non-denominational institution. It struggled financially after Leland's death in 1893 and again after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake .[18] Following World War II , Frederick Terman , the 2nd university provost , inspired and supported both faculty and graduates entrepreneurialism to build a self-sufficient local industry (Silicon Valley ).[19] In 1951, Stanford established Stanford Research Park in Palo Alto which is the world's first university research park. It has been called "the epicenter of Silicon Valley ".[20]
Stanford is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".[21] It has also been particularly noted for its entrepreneurial culture and is one of the most successful universities worldwide in attracting funding for start-ups and licensing its inventions to existing companies.[22] [23] [24] [25] [26] Alumni have founded numerous corporations , which combined produce more than $2.7 trillion in annual revenue, equivalent to the tenth-largest economy in the world, and provide over 5.4 million jobs.[27] [28] [29] By 2021, the university had 2,288 tenure-line faculty, senior fellows, center fellows, and medical faculty on staff.[30]
Stanford is the alma mater of several world leaders, including the President of the United States , Herbert Hoover , the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , Rishi Sunak , the Prime Minister of Greece , Kyriakos Mitsotakis , and the former Prime Minister of Japan , Yukio Hatoyama . It is also associated with 74 living billionaires ,[31] 58 Nobel laureates ,[30] 33 MacArthur Fellows ,[30] 29 Turing Award winners,[note 1] as well as 7 Wolf Foundation Prize recipients.[30] Additionally, it is a leading producer of Fulbright Scholars , Marshall Scholars , Gates Cambridge Scholars , Rhodes Scholars , and members of the United States Congress .[52]
^ a b Casper, Gerhard (October 5, 1995). Die Luft der Freiheit weht—On and Off (Speech). Retrieved August 20, 2021 .
^ a b c "History: Stanford University" . Stanford University. Retrieved June 3, 2020 .
^ a b "Chapter 1: The University and the Faculty" . Faculty Handbook . Stanford University. September 7, 2016. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017 .
^ As of August 31, 2023. "Stanford University reports return on investment portfolio, value of endowment" . October 12, 2023.
^ "Finances – Facts" . Stanford University. Retrieved February 8, 2024 .
^ a b c d e f "Stanford Facts" . Stanford University. Retrieved February 8, 2024 .
^ "Staff – Facts" . Stanford University. Retrieved February 8, 2024 .
^ "IPEDS-Stanford University" . Retrieved January 16, 2022 .
^ "Color" . Stanford Identity Toolkit . Stanford University. Retrieved January 16, 2022 .
^ The Stanford Tree is the mascot of the band but not the university.
^ " 'Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax – 2013' (IRS Form 990)" (PDF) . foundationcenter.org . 990s.foundationcenter.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved November 15, 2017 .
^ "The founding grant: with amendments, legislation, and court decrees" . Stanford Digital Repository . November 26, 1987. Retrieved December 29, 2020 .
^
^ Examples include:
Maeroff, Gene. " 'Harvard of the West' Climbing in Ratings" . The New York Times . "Since World War II, Stanford has enjoyed remarkable success in transforming itself from a good regional institution into one of the country's great private universities."
"Rebecca S. Lowen. Creating the Cold War University: The Transformation of Stanford. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 1997. pp. xii, 316" . The American Historical Review . 1998. doi :10.1086/ahr/103.5.1721 . ISSN 1937-5239 .
Binder, Amy J.; Abel, Andrea R. (2019). "Symbolically Maintained Inequality: How Harvard and Stanford Students Construct Boundaries among Elite Universities" . Sociology of Education . 92 (1): 41–58. doi :10.1177/0038040718821073 . ISSN 0038-0407 . S2CID 150327748 .
Selingo, Jeffrey. "Our dangerous obsession with Harvard, Stanford and other elite universities" . The Washington Post . "…the Ivy League, along with Stanford, the University of Chicago, Duke, and a few elite public universities such as the University of Michigan, UC-Berkeley, and UNC-Chapel Hill are the pride of the American higher-education system around the world."
Newport, Frank (August 26, 2003). "Harvard Number One University in Eyes of Public Stanford and Yale in second place" . Gallup. Archived from the original on September 25, 2013. Retrieved October 9, 2013 .
Wong, Alia (September 11, 2018). "At Private Colleges, Students Pay for Prestige" . The Atlantic . Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved May 17, 2020 . Americans tend to think of colleges as falling somewhere on a vast hierarchy based largely on their status and brand recognition. At the top are the Harvards and the Stanfords, with their celebrated faculty, groundbreaking research, and perfectly manicured quads.
^ Athletics, Stanford (May 24, 2022). "Simply Dominant" . gostanford.com . Stanford University. Retrieved June 1, 2022 .
^ Conference, Pac-12 (July 2, 2018). "Stanford wins 24th-consecutive Directors' Cup" . Pac-12 News . Retrieved June 1, 2019 . {{cite news }}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link )
^ Athletics, Stanford (July 1, 2016). "Olympic Medal History" . Stanford University Athletics . Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2017 .
^ "History – Part 2 (The New Century): Stanford University" . Stanford.edu. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013 .
^ "History – Part 3 (The Rise of Silicon Valley): Stanford University" . Stanford.edu. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013 .
^ Mozingo, Louise A. (2011). Pastoral Capitalism: A History of Suburban Corporate Landscapes . Cambridge: MIT Press. p. 166. ISBN 9780262338288 . Retrieved February 27, 2023 .
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^ Devaney, Tim (December 3, 2012). "One University To Rule Them All: Stanford Tops Startup List – ReadWrite" . ReadWrite . Retrieved April 6, 2018 .
^ "The University Entrepreneurship Report – Alumni of Top Universities Rake in $12.6 Billion Across 559 Deals" . CB Insights Research . October 29, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2018 .
^ "Box" . stanford.app.box.com . Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved April 15, 2018 .
^ Silver, Caleb (March 18, 2020). "The Top 20 Economies in the World" . Investopedia . Retrieved March 18, 2020 .
^ Krieger, Lisa M. (October 24, 2012). "Stanford alumni's companies combined equal tenth largest economy on the planet" . The Mercury News . Retrieved April 6, 2018 .
^ a b c d "Stanford Facts: The Stanford Faculty" . Stanford University. 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2022 .
^ Elkins, Kathleen (May 18, 2018). "More billionaires went to Harvard than to Stanford, MIT and Yale combined" . cnbc . Retrieved November 19, 2021 .
^ "Vinton Cerf – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Allen Newell" . acm.org .
^ "Martin Hellman" . acm.org .
^ "John E Hopcroft" . acm.org .
^ "Barbara Liskov" . acm.org .
^ "Raj Reddy – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Ronald L Rivest – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Robert E Tarjan – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Whitfield Diffie" . acm.org.
^ "Douglas Engelbart" . acm.org .
^ "Edward A Feigenbaum – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Robert W. Floyd – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ Lee, J.A.N. "Charles Antony Richard (Tony) Hoare" . IEEE Computer Society . Archived from the original on September 12, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2016 .
^ "Alan Kay" . acm.org .
^ "John McCarthy" . acm.org .
^ "A J Milner – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Amir Pnueli" . acm.org .
^ "Dana S Scott – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^ "Niklaus E. Wirth" . acm.org .
^ "Andrew C Yao – A.M. Turing Award Winner" . acm.org .
^
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