Stearin

Stearin^[1]
Names
	Systematic IUPAC name Propane-1,2,3-triyl tri(octadecanoate)
	Other names Tristearin; Trioctadecanoin; Glycerol tristearate; Glyceryl tristearate
Identifiers
CAS Number	555-43-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:45956 ;
ChemSpider	10673 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.271
KEGG	D10637 ;
PubChem CID	11146;
UNII	P6OCJ2551R ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8047503 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C57H110O6/c1-4-7-10-13-16-19-22-25-28-31-34-37-40-43-46-49-55(58)61-52-54(63-57(60)51-48-45-42-39-36-33-30-27-24-21-18-15-12-9-6-3)53-62-56(59)50-47-44-41-38-35-32-29-26-23-20-17-14-11-8-5-2/h54H,4-53H2,1-3H3 Key: DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1S/C57H110O6/c1-4-7-10-13-16-19-22-25-28-31-34-37-40-43-46-49-55(58)61-52-54(63-57(60)51-48-45-42-39-36-33-30-27-24-21-18-15-12-9-6-3)53-62-56(59)50-47-44-41-38-35-32-29-26-23-20-17-14-11-8-5-2/h54H,4-53H2,1-3H3 Key: DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C57H110O6
Molar mass	891.501 g·mol−1
Appearance	White powder
Odor	Odorless
Density	0.862 g/cm3 (80 °C); 0.8559 g/cm3 (90 °C)
Melting point	54–72.5 °C (129.2–162.5 °F; 327.1–345.6 K)
Solubility in water	Insoluble
Solubility	Slightly soluble in C6H6, CCl4; Soluble in acetone, CHCl3; Insoluble in EtOH
Refractive index (nD)	1.4395 (80 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	Triclinic (β-form)
Space group	P1 (β-form)
Lattice constant	a = 12.0053 Å, b = 51.902 Å, c = 5.445 Å (β-form) α = 73.752°, β = 100.256°, γ = 117.691°
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	1342.8 J/mol·K (β-form, 272.1 K); 1969.4 J/mol·K (346.5 K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	1534.7 J/mol·K (liquid)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−2344 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	35806.7 kJ/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 1 0
Flash point	≥ 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) closed cup
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	2000 mg/kg (rats, oral)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Stearin /ˈstɪərɪn/, or tristearin, or glyceryl tristearate is an odourless, white powder. It is a triglyceride derived from three units of stearic acid. Most triglycerides are derived from at least two and more commonly three different fatty acids.^[7] Like other triglycerides, stearin can crystallise in three polymorphs. For stearin, these melt at 54 (α-form), 65, and 72.5 °C (β-form).^[3]

Note that stearin is also used to mean the solid component of an oil or fat that can be separated into components that melt at higher (the stearin) and lower (the olein) temperatures. This is the usage meant in an example such as palm stearin.

^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9669.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c Charbonnet, G. H.; Singleton, W. S. (1947). "Thermal properties of fats and oils". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 24 (5): 140. doi:10.1007/BF02643296. S2CID 101805872.
^ ^a ^b ^c Van Langevelde, A.; Peschar, R.; Schenk, H. (2001). "Structure of β-trimyristin and β-tristearin from high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 57 (3): 372–377. doi:10.1107/S0108768100019121. PMID 11373397.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Tristearin in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-06-19)
^ ^a ^b ^c "MSDS of Stearin Wax" (PDF). www.swna.us. Sasol Wax North America Corp. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-06-19.
^ Alfred Thomas (2002). "Fats and Fatty Oils". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_173. ISBN 978-3527306732.

[1] Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9669.

[crc-2] Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.

[spring-3] Charbonnet, G. H.; Singleton, W. S. (1947). "Thermal properties of fats and oils". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 24 (5): 140. doi:10.1007/BF02643296. S2CID 101805872.

[iucr-4] Van Langevelde, A.; Peschar, R.; Schenk, H. (2001). "Structure of β-trimyristin and β-tristearin from high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 57 (3): 372–377. doi:10.1107/S0108768100019121. PMID 11373397.

[nist-5] Tristearin in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-06-19)

[swan-6] "MSDS of Stearin Wax" (PDF). www.swna.us. Sasol Wax North America Corp. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-06-19.

[Ullmann-7] Alfred Thomas (2002). "Fats and Fatty Oils". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_173. ISBN 978-3527306732.

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