Back Kampaň proti skrytým kontrarevolucionářům Czech Sufan-Bewegung German Movimiento Sufan Spanish Mouvement Sufan French Movimento Sufan Italian Movimento Sufan Portuguese Суфань Russian ขบวนการซูฝาน Thai 肅清暗藏的反革命分子運動 Chinese
| Sufan Movement | |
|---|---|
| Native name | 肃反运动 |
| Location | China |
| Date | 1955–1957 |
| Target | Counter-revolutionaries, intellectuals, former KMT officials and political opponents of Mao Zedong, attack against "bureaucraticism" and soviet sympathetic officials |
Attack type | Political repression |
| Deaths | 53,000 (Estimated) |
| Victims | 214,000 (Arrested), 18 Million (Total targeted for "investigation") |
| Perpetrators | Chinese Communist Party, Mao Zedong |
| Motive | Elimination of political opponents of Mao Zedong, intellectuals and foreign forces |
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The Sufan movement was a purge of perceived opponents in the People's Republic of China between 1955 and 1957.[1][2][3] The term "sufan" is short for sùqīng àncáng de fǎngémìng fèn zǐ (simplified Chinese: 肃清暗藏的反革命分子; traditional Chinese: 肅清暗藏的反革命分子), which means "purge to eradicate hidden counterrevolutionaries";[4] similar campaigns had been carried out within the Chinese Communist Party as early as 1932.[5] Mao directed that 5 percent of counter-revolutionaries were to be eliminated.[6][7] During the purge, around 214,000 people were arrested and approximately 53,000 died.[8][9]
- ^ Lowell, Dittmer (1989). "China's Continuous Revolution". University of California Press. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
- ^ Lieberthal, Kenneth. (2003). Governing China: From Revolution to Reform, W.W. Norton & Co.; Second Edition.
- ^ "1955年7月1日 中共中央发出《关于展开斗争肃清暗藏的反革命分子的指示》". The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 30 June 2020.
- ^ According to Lin Yutang Archived 31 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 肅 (su) can be translated as 整肅 [zheng3su4]2, v.t., (in communist China) to purge.
- ^ Guo, Xuezhi (2012). China's Security State: Philosophy, Evolution, and Politics. Cambridge University Press. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-107-02323-9.
- ^ Wagner, Rudolf G.; MD, Professor of Chinese Studies Rudolph Wagner; Wagner, Sieglinde (1992). Inside a Service Trade: Studies in Contemporary Chinese Prose. Harvard Univ Asia Center. ISBN 978-0-674-45536-8. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
- ^ Zhu, Zheng. "陆定一和尤金谈肃反运动". Yanhuang Chunqiu (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
对于这一场肃反运动的审查面，"七一指示"和"八二五指示"都做出了"大约百分之五"的规定。
- ^ Luo, William (30 March 2018). 半资本论: 半资本主义与中国 （Semi-Capitalism in China） (in Chinese). 世界华语出版社. p. 178. ISBN 978-1-940266-12-1.
- ^ Wang, Gongbiao (2015). "日本侵略軍與中共暴政對中國人民造成傷害的比較". Yibao (议报) (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 23 June 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
根據解密檔案：全國有140多萬知識分子和幹部在這場運動中遭受打擊，其中逮捕21.4萬人，槍決2.2萬人，非正常死亡5.3萬人。
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