Sunless tanning

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Sunless tanning, also known as UV filled tanning, self tanning, spray tanning (when applied topically), or fake tanning, refers to the effect of a suntan without exposure to the Sun. Sunless tanning involves the use of oral agents (carotenids), or creams, lotions or sprays applied to the skin.^[1] Skin-applied products may be skin-reactive agents or temporary bronzers (colorants).

The popularity of sunless tanning has risen since the 1960s after health authorities confirmed links between UV exposure (from sunlight or tanning beds) and the incidence of skin cancer.^[2]

The chemical compound dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is used in sunless tanning products in concentrations of 3%-5%.^[3] DHA concentration is adjusted to provide darker and lighter shades of tan. The reaction of keratin protein present in skin and DHA is responsible for the production of pigmentation.^[4]