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Supplemental instruction

Supplemental instruction (SI) is an academic support model that uses peer learning to improve university student retention and student success in high-attrition courses.[1][2] Supplemental Instruction is used worldwide by institutions of higher learning.[3][4][5][6][7] SI is also called "Peer-Assisted Study Sessions," "PASS" or "SI-PASS" in parts of the Africa, Europe, North America, and Oceania.[8][9] According to an article in the peer-reviewed journal, Research and Teaching in Developmental Education, "Since its introduction in 1974 at the University of Missouri-Kansas City by Deanna C. Martin, Supplemental Instruction (SI) has been implemented, studied, and evaluated for its effectiveness across a variety of disciplines and institutional levels."[10] The article further noted that for some students,

"SI is a program that works. Since SI is an enrichment program designed to target high risk courses, it takes the emphasis off the individual student's projected performance. A high risk course, as defined repeatedly in the literature, is any course (usually entry-level) in which unsuccessful enrollment (percentages of D's and F's as final grades and rates of withdrawal from the course and/or institution) exceeds 30%."

  1. ^ "Supplemental Instruction - Overview". 9 February 2010. Archived from the original on 9 February 2010. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
  2. ^ Blanc, Robert A., Larry E. DeBuhr, and Deanna C. Martin. “Breaking the Attrition Cycle: The Effects of Supplemental Instruction on Undergraduate Performance and Attrition.” The Journal of Higher Education 54, no. 1 (1983): 80–90. doi:10.2307/1981646.
  3. ^ "Supplemental Instruction". Mandela University, South Africa. Archived from the original on 2022-03-31.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "Peer Assisted Study Sessions, PASS, Information for Staff" (PDF). University of Newcastle, Australia. 2023-01-21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-03-03. Retrieved 2023-01-21.
  6. ^ "SI Around the US – The International Center for Supplemental Instruction". info.umkc.edu. Archived from the original on 2022-06-27.
  7. ^ "SI Around the World – The International Center for Supplemental Instruction". info.umkc.edu. Archived from the original on 2021-09-23. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  8. ^ "The European Center for Supplemental Instruction for Peer Assisted Study (SI-PASS)". Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Archived from the original on 2022-08-19.
  9. ^ "Pass Program: Information for Lecturers" (PDF). University of Ballarat, Federation University, Australia. Peer-Assisted Study Sessions. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
  10. ^ Reittinger, Donna L. and Tammi M. Palmer. “Lessons Learned from Using Supplemental Instruction: Adapting Instructional Models for Practical Application.” Research and Teaching in Developmental Education 13, no. 1 (1996): 57–68. JSTOR 42801944.

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