Back الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي Arabic Suriya Sosial Milliyyətçi Partiyası Azerbaijani Сирийска социална националистическа партия Bulgarian Partit Social Nacionalista Sirià Catalan حیزبی سۆشیال ناسیۆنالیستی سووریا CKB Syrská sociálně nacionální strana Czech Syrische Soziale Nationalistische Partei German Partido Social Nacionalista Sirio Spanish حزب سوسیال ناسیونالیست سوری Persian Parti social nationaliste syrien French

Syrian Social Nationalist Party

Syrian Social Nationalist Party
الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي
PresidentRabi Noureddine Banat[1]
FounderAntoun Saadeh[2]
Founded16 November 1932 (1932-11-16)
Banned29 January 2025 (2025-01-29) (in Syria)[3]
Armed wingsEagles of the Whirlwind[4]
Islamic Resistance Front in Syria
MembershipSteady 100,000 (2016 est.)
Ideology
Historical:
Political positionSyncretic[a]
National affiliationMarch 8 Alliance
International affiliationAxis of Resistance
Colours  Black   White   Red
Anthem
!نشيد الإنتصار
(lit. 'Victory Anthem!')
Seats in the
Legislature
0 / 250 (0%)
Party flag

The Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP; Arabic: الحزب القومي السوري الاجتماعي) is a Syrian nationalist party operating in Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan. It advocates the establishment of a Greater Syrian nation state spanning the Fertile Crescent, including present-day Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Palestine, Israel, Cyprus, Sinai, Hatay Province, and Cilicia, based on geographical boundaries and the common history people within the boundaries share.[22] It has also been active in the Syrian and Lebanese diaspora, for example in South America.[23] Until the fall of the Assad regime it was an ally of the ruling Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, being the second-ranking party in the National Progressive Front.

Founded in Beirut[24] in 1932[23] by the Lebanese intellectual Antoun Saadeh[25] as an anticolonial political organization hostile to French colonial rule, the party played a significant role in Lebanese politics. It launched coups d'état attempts in 1949 and 1961, following which it was repressed in the country. SSNP was active in the fight against the Israeli military during the 1982 Lebanon War and subsequent Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon until 2000, while simultaneously supporting the Syrian occupation of Lebanon due to its beliefs in Syrian irredentism.

In Syria, SSNP operated as an ultranationalist movement until the 1950s; advocating armed uprising to establish a one-party state. It participated in the 1949 Syrian coup d'état, which overthrew the democratically elected government of Shukri al-Quwatli. SSNP continued to engage in violent activities throughout the country; and was banned in 1955 after its assassination of a Syrian Ba'athist military officer Adnan al-Malki. Despite its ban, the party remained organized, and by the late 1990s had allied itself with the Palestine Liberation Organisation and the Lebanese Communist Party, despite the ideological differences between them. The SSNP was legalized in Syria in 2005, and joined the Syrian Ba'ath Party-led National Progressive Front. From 2012 to 6 May 2014,[26][27] the party was part of the Popular Front for Change and Liberation.[28] The party would take the side of the Ba'athist government during the Syrian Civil War, where almost 12,000 fighters of its armed branch, the Eagles of the Whirlwind (dismantled in 2019), fought alongside the Syrian Arab Armed Forces against the Syrian opposition and the Islamic State.[29] Following the fall of the Assad regime, it was banned by the Syrian transitional government, though it still operates openly in other countries as well as clandestinely in Syria.[30][better source needed]

  1. ^
    • "كلمة رئيس الحزب السّوريّ القوميّ الاجتماعيّ الأمين ربيع بنات لمناسبة الأول من آذار".
    • X.com. X (formerly Twitter). (n.d.). SSNP News @SSNPNew. " Rabi Noureddine Banat was elected as the new President of the Syrian Social-Nationalist Party, #SSNP. Trustee Banat was born in Beirut in 1977, joined the SSNP in 1998, received many party responsibilities, and has a PhD in Economics from the University of Grenoble, France. "
  2. ^ "Antun Saadeh". Syrian Social Nationalist Party. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
  3. ^ Al-Ammar, Najjar (29 January 2025). "الإدارة السورية الجديدة تعلن وقف العمل بالدستور وتعيين الشرع رئيسا للبلاد في المرحلة الانتقالية" [The new Syrian administration announces the suspension of the constitution and the appointment of Sharaa as president of the country in the transitional period] (in Arabic). France 24. Retrieved 31 January 2025.
  4. ^ "The Eagles of the Whirlwind - Foreign Policy".
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Davis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Pipes, Daniel (1992). Greater Syria. Oxford University Press. pp. 100–101. ISBN 0-19-506022-9. The SSNP flag, which features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), points to the party's fascistic origins.
  7. ^ Yamak, Labib Zuwiyya (1966). The Syrian Social Nationalist Party: An Ideological Analysis. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674862364.
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Glavin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ "fascism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference goetz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Antun Saadeh, The Genesis of Nations, (Dar al-Fikr, Beirut)
  12. ^ Antun Saadeh, "The Explanation of the Principles". URL: http://www.ssnp.com/new/library/saadeh/principles/ Archived 27 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "Syrian Nazis on the Air". AIJAC. 27 July 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  14. ^ Beshara, Adel (2007). Antun Sa'adeh: The Man, His Thought: an Anthology. DK/Prima Games, a division of Penguin Random House LLC. pp. 267–315. ISBN 978-1465453136.
  15. ^ a b Danial Pipes (August 1988). "Radical Politics and the Syrian Social Nationalist Party". Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  16. ^ Morrison, J., Woog, A. (2009). Syria. United States: Facts On File, Incorporated, Page 49
  17. ^ a b Beshara, Adel (11 January 2013). Lebanon: The Politics of Frustration – The Failed Coup of 1961. Routledge. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-136-00614-2.
  18. ^ MEED. Economic East Economic Digest, Limited. April 1983.
  19. ^ Solomon, Christopher (2022). "1:Introduction". In Search of Greater Syria: The History and Politics of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. New York, NY 10018, USA: I.B. Tauris. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-8386-0640-4. It survived and made itself useful during Syria's occupation of Lebanon by relying on its militia, unique ideology, and adopting a politically pragmatic approach that brought the SSNP from the right side of the political spectrum to its current place in the camp of the left.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  20. ^ "In Search of Greater Syria: Book Summary". Bloomsbury Collections. 2021.
  21. ^ Zambelis, Chris (26 March 2014). "Assad's Hurricane: A Profile of the Paramilitary Wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party". refworld. Jamestown Foundation. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023.
  22. ^ "About". ssnp.com. Syrian Social Nationalist Party. 17 May 2004. Archived from the original on 17 May 2006. Retrieved 23 March 2024. Our Syria has distinct natural boundaries…
  23. ^ a b Cecilia Baeza (5 December 2018). "Arabism and its Repercussions: Forms of Solidarity among Syrians in Latin America". Arab Reform Initiative. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  24. ^ Wege, Carl Anthony (2011). "Hizbollah–Syrian Intelligence Affairs: A Marriage of Convenience". Journal of Strategic Security. 4 (3): 1–14. doi:10.5038/1944-0472.4.3.1. ISSN 1944-0464. JSTOR 26463938. S2CID 32051188.
  25. ^ Yonker, Carl C. (2021). The Rise and Fall of Greater Syria : a Political History of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. Berlin. ISBN 978-3-11-072909-2. OCLC 1248759109.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  26. ^ "Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news ::". Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
  27. ^ "Noticias de Prensa Latina". Archived from the original on 8 July 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  28. ^ "IDEOLOGY". Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  29. ^ Samaha, Nour (28 March 2016). "The Eagles of the Whirlwind". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
  30. ^ Al-Jnaidi, Laith; Sio, Mohammad (29 January 2025). "Ahmad Al-Sharaa officially named Syria's transitional president". Anadolu Agency.


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

Rich TVX News Network Site

Rich TVX News Network Info

© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search