Tacticity

Polymer science
Properties Architecture Tacticity Morphology Degradation Phase behavior Mark–Houwink theory UCST LCST Flory–Huggins solution theory Coil–globule transition
Synthesis Chain polymerization Radical polymerization RDRP] ATRP RAFT Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization Step polymerization Condensation polymerization Addition polymerization
Classification Functional type Polyolefin Polyethylene Polypropylene Polyisobutylene Polyurethane Polyester Polycarbonate Vinyl polymers PVC PVA PVAc Polystyrene Structure Homopolymer Copolymer Gels Hydrogels Self-healing hydrogels
Characterization GPC FTIR X-ray crystallography DSC NMR TGA DMA Rheology Rheometry Viscometry
Scientists Flory Heeger MacDiarmid Shirakawa Natta Edwards de Gennes Ziegler Staudinger Goodyear Baekeland Hayward Braconnot
Applications Industrial production Extrusion Blow molding Applied coatings Protective Coatings 3D printing Consumer products Tires Whitewalls Cookware and bakeware Bakelite Food Container Vinyl record Kevlar Plastic bottle Plastic bag
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Tacticity (from Greek: τακτικός, romanized: taktikos, "relating to arrangement or order") is the relative stereochemistry of adjacent chiral centers within a macromolecule.^{[1][better source needed]} The practical significance of tacticity rests on the effects on the physical properties of the polymer.^{[not verified in body]} The regularity of the macromolecular structure influences the degree to which it has rigid, crystalline long range order or flexible, amorphous long range disorder.^{[not verified in body]} Precise knowledge of tacticity of a polymer also helps understanding at what temperature a polymer melts, how soluble it is in a solvent,^{[not verified in body]} as well as its mechanical properties.^{[not verified in body]}

A tactic macromolecule in the IUPAC definition is a macromolecule in which essentially all the configurational (repeating) units are identical. In a hydrocarbon macromolecule with all carbon atoms making up the backbone in a tetrahedral molecular geometry, the zigzag backbone is in the paper plane with the substituents either sticking out of the paper or retreating into the paper;^{[excessive detail?]}, this projection is called the Natta projection after Giulio Natta.^{[not verified in body]} Tacticity is particularly significant in vinyl polymers of the type -H
₂C-CH(R)-, where each repeating unit contains a substituent R attached to one side of the polymer backbone. The arrangement of these substituents can follow a regular pattern- appearing on the same side as the previous one, on the opposite side, or in a random configuration relative to the preceding unit. Monotactic macromolecules have one stereoisomeric atom per repeat unit,^{[not verified in body]} ditactic to n-tactic macromolecules have more than one stereoisomeric atom per unit.^{[not verified in body]}