Taqi Yazdi

Taqi Yazdi
Taqi Yazdi
تقی یزدی
	Yazdi in 2020
Personal life
Born	Taqi Givechi; 31 January 1935; Yazd, Imperial State of Persia
Died	1 January 2021 (aged 85); Tehran, Iran
Resting place	Fatima Masumeh Shrine, Qom
Children	2 sons and 1 daughter
Education	Khān School, Yazd (1940s); Shāfīʿiya School, Yazd (1940s); Hindi School, Najaf (1950);
Known for	Incompatibility of Islam and democracy
Relatives	Hossein Noori Hamedani (affinal)
Signature
Religious life
Religion	Shia Islam
Philosophy	Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist, Jihad; Contemporary Islamic philosophy; (1963–1964 and 1989–2021);
Sect	Jaʿfari Twelver
Profession	Political activist
Senior posting
Post	Imam Khomeini Educational Research Institute (1991–2021); In the Path of God Institute (1976–2021);
	Students Gary Legenhausen; Gholam-Hossein Elham; Hamid Rasaee; Jawad Naqvi; Kazem Seddiqi; Morteza Agha-Tehrani; Parviz Davoudi; Sambi; ;
	Influenced by Seyyed Hossein Borujerdi; Ruhollah Khomeini; Mohammad-Taqi Bahjat Foumani; Mohammad Ali Araki; Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i; Ahmad Fardid; ;
Member of the Assembly of Experts
	In office; 23 February 1999 – 23 May 2016
Constituency	Tehran Province
	In office; 21 February 1991 – 22 February 1999
Constituency	Khuzestan Province
Personal details
Political party	Front of Islamic Revolution Stability (spiritual leader)
Other political; affiliations	Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom
Membership	Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution; Ahl Al-Bayt World Assembly;
	Theological work
Years active	1947–1960 (study); 1966–2021 (teaching)
Taught at	Qom Seminary; Haghani Seminary; Feyziyeh Seminary
Website	mesbahyazdi.ir

Muhammad Taqi Misbah Yazdi Giwachi (Persian: محمدتقی مصباح یزدی گیوه‌چی, romanized: Muḥammad Taqī Miṣbāḥ Yazdī Gīwachī; 31 January 1935 – 1 January 2021) was an Iranian Shia scholar, political theorist and philosopher who served as the spiritual leader of the Front of Islamic Revolution Stability.

He was a member of the Assembly of Experts,^[7]^[8] the body responsible for choosing the Supreme Leader, where he headed a minority faction.^[9] He had been called 'the most conservative' and the most 'powerful' clerical oligarch in Iran's leading center of religious learning, the city of Qom.^[10] Many of his students have gone on to "occupy sensitive administrative and security posts" in the Islamic Republic, serving as "guardians" of (his version of) Islamic government.^[10]

From 1952 to 1960, in the holy city of Qom, he participated in the courses taught by Ruhollah Khomeini and Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i; and, for approximately fifteen years, he was a student of Mohammad-Taqi Bahjat Foumani.^[11]

Mesbah Yazdi advocated Islamic philosophy and in particular Mulla Sadra's transcendent school of philosophy (Hikmat-e Muta`aliya). He believed that Iranians were moving away from religion and the values of Islamic revolution; and opposed western-style freedom and democratic governance,^[12] promoted by the Iranian reform movement.^[13]^[14]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Nikpour, Abbas (March 2002) [Esfand 1380–Farvardin 1381], "Ayatollah Mesbah, From Margins to the Middle of the Text", Gozaresh (in Persian), no. 132–133, pp. 47–52, ISSN 1021-450X
^ Ashraf, Ahmad (5 April 2012) [15 December 2007]. "ISLAM IN IRAN xiii. ISLAMIC POLITICAL MOVEMENTS IN 20TH CENTURY IRAN". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. 2. Vol. XIV. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 157–172. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
^ Rahnema, Ali (2011). Superstition as Ideology in Iranian Politics: From Majlesi to Ahmadinejad. Cambridge University Press. pp. 94–95. ISBN 9781139495622.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sahimi, Muhammad (29 September 2010). "Hojjatiyeh, Mesbahiyeh, and Ahmadinejad". Tehran Bureau.
^ Bozorgmehr, Najmeh (23 February 2012). "Hardline group emerges as Iran poll threat". Financial Times. London. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
^ "Iran: Qom divided over presidential candidates". Asharq Al-Awsat. 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
^ 16 نماينده استان تهران در مجلس خبرگان مشخص شدند Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
^ Freeman, Colin; Biouki, Kay (19 November 2006). "Ayatollah aims to be Iran's next spiritual leader". The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 22 November 2006. Retrieved 7 March 2008.
^ Cite error: The named reference Beaumont was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Nasr, Vali The Shia Revival, Norton, (2006), p. 216
^ "Biography". mesbahyazdi.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
^ Javedanfar, Meir (6 May 2009). "Ahmadinejad's messianic connections". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 13 May 2010.
^ Cite error: The named reference bayat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Afshin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Gozaresh-1] Nikpour, Abbas (March 2002) [Esfand 1380–Farvardin 1381], "Ayatollah Mesbah, From Margins to the Middle of the Text", Gozaresh (in Persian), no. 132–133, pp. 47–52, ISSN 1021-450X

[2] Ashraf, Ahmad (5 April 2012) [15 December 2007]. "ISLAM IN IRAN xiii. ISLAMIC POLITICAL MOVEMENTS IN 20TH CENTURY IRAN". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. 2. Vol. XIV. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 157–172. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[3] Rahnema, Ali (2011). Superstition as Ideology in Iranian Politics: From Majlesi to Ahmadinejad. Cambridge University Press. pp. 94–95. ISBN 9781139495622.

[Tehran_Bureau-4] Sahimi, Muhammad (29 September 2010). "Hojjatiyeh, Mesbahiyeh, and Ahmadinejad". Tehran Bureau.

[5] Bozorgmehr, Najmeh (23 February 2012). "Hardline group emerges as Iran poll threat". Financial Times. London. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

[6] "Iran: Qom divided over presidential candidates". Asharq Al-Awsat. 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

[7] 16 نماينده استان تهران در مجلس خبرگان مشخص شدند Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine

[bomb-8] Freeman, Colin; Biouki, Kay (19 November 2006). "Ayatollah aims to be Iran's next spiritual leader". The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 22 November 2006. Retrieved 7 March 2008.

[Beaumont-9] Cite error: The named reference Beaumont was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[nasr.p216-10] Nasr, Vali The Shia Revival, Norton, (2006), p. 216

[11] "Biography". mesbahyazdi.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2019.

[Javedanfar-12] Javedanfar, Meir (6 May 2009). "Ahmadinejad's messianic connections". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 13 May 2010.

[bayat-13] Cite error: The named reference bayat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Afshin-14] Cite error: The named reference Afshin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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