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Tau Ceti

Not to be confused with T Ceti. For the video game, see Tau Ceti (video game).

Tau Ceti
Location of τ Ceti (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Cetus
Pronunciation /ˌtaʊ ˈsiːtaɪ/
Right ascension 01h 44m 04.083s[1]
Declination −15° 56′ 14.93″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 3.50±0.01[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Main sequence
Spectral type G8V[3]
U−B color index +0.21[4]
B−V color index +0.72[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−16.68±0.05[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −1721.728 mas/yr[1]
Dec.: +854.963 mas/yr[1]
Parallax (π)273.8097 ± 0.1701 mas[1]
Distance11.912 ± 0.007 ly
(3.652 ± 0.002 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)5.69±0.01[2]
Absolute bolometric
magnitude (Mbol)		5.52±0.02[2]
Details
Mass0.783±0.012[2] M☉
Radius0.796±0.004[6] R☉
Luminosity0.488±0.010[2] L☉
Luminosity (visual, LV)0.45[nb 1] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.48±0.05[7] cgs
Temperature5,320±40[7] K
Metallicity28±3% Sun
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.55±0.05[8] dex
Rotation34 d,[9] 46±4 d[7]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)0.1±0.1[7] km/s
Age8–10[10] Gyr
Other designations
52 Cet, BD−16° 295, FK5 59, GJ 71, HD 10700, HIP 8102, HR 509, SAO 147986, LFT 159, LHS 146, LTT 935[4]
Database references
SIMBADdata
Exoplanet Archivedata
ARICNSdata

Tau Ceti, Latinized from τ Ceti, is a single star in the constellation Cetus that is spectrally similar to the Sun, although it has only about 78% of the Sun's mass. At a distance of just under 12 light-years (3.7 parsecs) from the Solar System, it is a relatively nearby star and the closest solitary G-class star. The star appears stable, with little stellar variation, and is metal-deficient (low in elements other than hydrogen and helium) relative to the Sun.

It can be seen with the unaided eye with an apparent magnitude of 3.5.[2] As seen from Tau Ceti, the Sun would be in the northern hemisphere constellation Boötes with an apparent magnitude of about 2.6.[nb 2][11]

Observations have detected more than ten times as much dust surrounding Tau Ceti as is present in the Solar System. Since December 2012, there has been evidence of at least four planets—all likely super-Earths—orbiting Tau Ceti, and two of these are potentially in the habitable zone.[12][13][14] There is evidence of up to an additional four unconfirmed planets, one of which would be a Jovian planet between 3 and 20 AU from the star.[15] Because of its debris disk, any planet orbiting Tau Ceti would face far more impact events than Earth. Note that those planetary candidates have been contested recently[16] and recent discoveries about the stellar inclination cast doubt about the terrestrial nature of these worlds.[7] Despite this hurdle to habitability, its solar analog (Sun-like) characteristics have led to widespread interest in the star. Given its stability, similarity and relative proximity to the Sun, Tau Ceti is consistently listed as a target for the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI).[17]

  1. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference GaiaDR3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference aaa494 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Keenan, Philip C; McNeil, Raymond C (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373.
  4. ^ a b c "Tau Cet". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2018-02-05.
  5. ^ Nidever, David L.; et al. (2002). "Radial Velocities for 889 Late-Type Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 141 (2): 503–522. arXiv:astro-ph/0112477. Bibcode:2002ApJS..141..503N. doi:10.1086/340570. S2CID 51814894.
  6. ^ Rains, Adam D.; Ireland, Michael J.; White, Timothy R.; Casagrande, Luca; Karovicova, I. (2020-04-01). "Precision angular diameters for 16 southern stars with VLTI/PIONIER". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493 (2): 2377–2394. arXiv:2004.02343. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.493.2377R. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa282. ISSN 0035-8711.
  7. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference Korolik2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Tuomi2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference ApJL457 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Tang, Y. K.; Gai, N. (February 2011). "Asteroseismic modelling of the metal-poor star τ Ceti". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 526: A35. arXiv:1010.3154. Bibcode:2011A&A...526A..35T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014886. S2CID 119099287.
  11. ^ Cox, Arthur N., ed. (2001-04-20), Allen's Astrophysical Quantities (Fourth ed.), Springer, p. 382, ISBN 0-387-95189-X.
  12. ^ "Tau Ceti's planets nearest around single, Sun-like star". BBC News. December 19, 2012.
  13. ^ "Tau Ceti May Have a Habitable Planet". Astrobiology Magazine. December 19, 2012. Archived from the original on 2020-11-06.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  14. ^ Torres, Abel Mendez (December 28, 2012). "Two Nearby Habitable Worlds?". Planetary Habitability Laboratory. University of Puerto Rico. Archived from the original on 2021-03-08. Retrieved 2013-03-22.
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference KervellaArenou2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cretignier2021 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Rutkowski, Chris A. (2010), The Big Book of UFOs, Dundurn, p. 33, ISBN 978-1554887606


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