The Rotunda (University of Virginia)

Rotunda, University of Virginia
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark
U.S. National Historic Landmark District Contributing Property
Virginia Landmarks Register
The Rotunda
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Location	Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.
Coordinates	38°02′08″N 78°30′12″W / 38.03567°N 78.50340°W / 38.03567; -78.50340
Built	1822–1826
Architect	Thomas Jefferson; Stanford White
Architectural style	Early Republic, Neoclassical
Part of	University of Virginia Historic District (ID70000865)
NRHP reference No.	66000937[1]
VLR No.	002-5055
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	October 15, 1966
Designated NHL	December 21, 1965[3]
Designated NHLDCP	November 11, 1971
Designated VLR	September 9, 1969[2]

The Rotunda is a building located on The Lawn on the original grounds of the University of Virginia. Thomas Jefferson designed it to represent the "authority of nature and power of reason" and modeled it after the Pantheon in Rome. Construction began in 1822 and was completed shortly after Jefferson's death in 1826. The campus of the new university was unique in that its buildings surrounded a library (the principal function of the Rotunda) rather than a church, as was common at other universities in the English-speaking world. To many, the Rotunda symbolizes Jefferson's belief in the separation of church and education, and represents his lifelong dedication to education and architecture. The Rotunda was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966, and is part of the University of Virginia Historic District, designated in 1971.

The collegiate structure, the immediate area around it, and Jefferson's nearby home at Monticello combine to form one of only six modern man-made sites in the United States to be internationally protected and preserved as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO (the other five are the Old City of San Juan, the San Antonio Missions, Independence Hall, the Statue of Liberty, and the architectural works of Frank Lloyd Wright).

The original construction cost of the Rotunda was $57,773 ($992,792 in 2006 dollars). The building stands 77 feet (23.5 m) in both height and diameter.