Back Controversia del tiomersal Spanish Tiomersal dan vaksin ID Controversie sul thimerosal Italian Kontroversen om tiomersal Swedish 硫柳汞和疫苗 Chinese

Thiomersal and vaccines

Thiomersal (or thimerosal) is a mercury compound which is used as a preservative in some vaccines. Anti-vaccination activists promoting the incorrect claim that vaccination causes autism have asserted that the mercury in thiomersal is the cause.[1] There is no scientific evidence to support this claim.[2] The idea that thiomersal in vaccines might have detrimental effects originated with anti-vaccination activists[3] and was sustained by them and especially through the action of plaintiffs' lawyers.[4]

The potential impact of thiomersal on autism has been investigated extensively. Multiple lines of scientific evidence have shown that thiomersal does not cause autism. For example, the clinical symptoms of mercury poisoning differ significantly from those of autism.[5] In addition, multiple population studies have found no association between thiomersal and autism, and rates of autism have continued to increase despite removal of thiomersal from vaccines.[6] Thus, major scientific and medical bodies such as the Institute of Medicine[7] and World Health Organization[8] (WHO) as well as governmental agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration[9] (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)[10] reject any role for thiomersal in autism or other neurodevelopmental disorders. In spite of the consensus of the scientific community, some parents and advocacy groups continue to contend that thiomersal is linked to autism[11] and the claim is still stated as if it were fact in anti-vaccination propaganda, notably that of Robert F. Kennedy Jr., through his group Children's Health Defense.[12][13] Thiomersal is no longer used in most children's vaccines in the United States, with the exception of some types of flu shots.[14] While exposure to mercury may result in damage to brain, kidneys, and developing fetus,[15] the scientific consensus is that thiomersal has no such effects.[6][7]

This controversy has caused harm due to parents attempting to treat their autistic children with unproven and possibly dangerous treatments, discouraging parents from vaccinating their children due to fears about thiomersal toxicity[16] and diverting resources away from research into more promising areas for the cause of autism.[17] Thousands of lawsuits have been filed in the U.S. to seek damages from alleged toxicity from vaccines, including those purportedly caused by thiomersal.[11] US courts have ruled against multiple representative test cases involving thiomersal.[18] A 2011 journal article described the vaccine-autism connection as "perhaps, the most damaging medical hoax of the last 100 years".[19]

  1. ^ Novella S (22 August 2018). "Vaccines Still Don't Cause Autism". Science-Based Medicine.
  2. ^ "Vaccines Do Not Cause Autism Concerns". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 12 December 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  3. ^ Hotez, Peter J. (30 October 2018). Vaccines Did Not Cause Rachel's Autism: My Journey as a Vaccine Scientist, Pediatrician, and Autism Dad. JHU Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-2660-0.
  4. ^ Baker, Jeffrey P. (February 2008). "Mercury, Vaccines, and Autism". American Journal of Public Health. 98 (2): 244–253. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.113159. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 2376879. PMID 18172138.
  5. ^ Nelson KB, Bauman ML (2003). "Thimerosal and autism?". Pediatrics. 111 (3): 674–9. doi:10.1542/peds.111.3.674. PMID 12612255.
  6. ^ a b Doja A, Roberts W (2006). "Immunizations and autism: a review of the literature". Can J Neurol Sci. 33 (4): 341–6. doi:10.1017/s031716710000528x. PMID 17168158.
  7. ^ a b Immunization Safety Review: Vaccines and Autism. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2004. doi:10.17226/10997. ISBN 978-0-309-09237-1. PMID 20669467.
  8. ^ World Health Organization (2006). "Thiomersal and vaccines: questions and answers". Archived from the original on 12 October 2003. Retrieved 19 May 2009.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference T-in-vaccines was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Centers for Disease Control (8 February 2008). "Mercury and vaccines (thimerosal)". Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  11. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Sugarman was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Mnookin, STAT, Seth. "How Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Distorted Vaccine Science". Scientific American. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  13. ^ Hotez, Peter (3 January 2019). "Global disease risk worsening as anti-vaccination campaigns spread". Axios. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  14. ^ Centers for Disease Control. "Frequently Asked Questions about Thimerosal". Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  15. ^ "ToxFAQs for Mercury". Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  16. ^ Cite error: The named reference Harris was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference Luscombe was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference Maugh was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference Klaherty was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Rich TVX News Network Site

Rich TVX News Network Info

© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search