Tianqi Emperor

Tianqi Emperor 天啓帝
Palace portrait on a hanging scroll, kept in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, Taiwan
Emperor of the Ming dynasty
Reign	1 October 1620 – 30 September 1627[a]
Enthronement	1 October 1620
Predecessor	Taichang Emperor
Successor	Chongzhen Emperor
Born	(1605-12-23)23 December 1605 Wanli 33, 14th day of the 11th month (萬曆三十三年十一月十四日)
Died	30 September 1627(1627-09-30) (aged 21) Tianqi 7, 22nd day (yimao day) of the 8th month (天啟七年八月二十二日 (乙卯)) Palace of Heavenly Purity, Forbidden City, Shuntian Prefecture, North Zhili, Ming dynasty
Burial	Deling Mausoleum, Ming tombs, Beijing
Spouse	Empress Xiao'aizhe ​ (m. 1621)​
Issue	Zhu Ciran, Crown Prince Huaichong Zhu Ciyu, Crown Prince Daohuai Zhu Cijiong, Crown Prince Xianhuai Princess Yongning Princess Huaining Third daughter
Names Zhu Youjiao (朱由校) Era name and dates Tianqi (天啓): 22 January 1621 – 4 February 1628 Posthumous name Emperor Datian Chandao Dunxiao Duyou Zhangwen Xiangwu Jingmu Zhuangqin Zhe (達天闡道敦孝篤友章文襄武靖穆莊勤哲皇帝[b]) Emperor Datian Chandao Dunxiao Duyou Zhangwen Xiangwu Jingmu Zhuangqin Zhe (達天闡道敦孝篤友章文襄武靖穆莊勤悊皇帝[c][1]) Temple name Xizong (熹宗)
House	Zhu
Dynasty	Ming
Father	Taichang Emperor
Mother	Empress Dowager Xiaohe

Tianqi Emperor
Portrait in the Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Traditional Chinese	天啓帝
Simplified Chinese	天启帝
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Tiānqǐ Dì

The Tianqi Emperor (Chinese: 天啓帝; pinyin: Tiānqǐ Dì; 23 December 1605 – 30 September 1627), personal name Zhu Youjiao (Chinese: 朱由校; pinyin: Zhū Yóujiào), was the 16th emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1620 to 1627.^[2] He was the eldest son of the Taichang Emperor and a elder brother of the Chongzhen Emperor, who succeeded him. "Tianqi", the era name of his reign, means "heavenly opening".^[3]

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