Toi invasion

Toi invasion
Date	27 March 1019
Location	Hakata Bay33°37′05″N 130°19′59″E / 33.618°N 130.333°E
Result	Many Japanese girls kidnapped and enslaved, as well as livestock killed.
Belligerents
Commanders and leaders
Strength
Casualties and losses
	class=notpageimage\| Location within Japan

The Toi invasion (Japanese: 刀伊の入寇, Hepburn: toi no nyūkō) was the invasion of northern Kyūshū by Jurchen pirates in 1019.^[5]

^ Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, Volume 2. Kōdansha. Kodansha. 1983. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-87011-620-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Embree, Ainslie Thomas (1988). Embree, Ainslie Thomas (ed.). Encyclopedia of Asian History, Volume 1. Robin Jeanne Lewis, Asia Society, Richard W. Bulliet (2, illustrated ed.). Scribner. p. 371. ISBN 0684188988.
^ Adolphson, Mikael S.; Kamens, Edward; Matsumoto, Stacie (2007). Kamens, Edward; Adolphson, Mikael S.; Matsumoto, Stacie (eds.). Heian Japan, Centers and Peripheries. University of Hawaiʻi Press. p. 376. ISBN 9780824830137.
^ Brown, Delmer Myers; Hall, John Whitney; Shively, Donald H.; McCullough, William H.; Jansen, Marius B.; Yamamura, Kōzō; Duus, Peter, eds. (1988). The Cambridge History of Japan, Volume 2. Vol. 2 of The Cambridge History of Japan: Heian Japan. 耕造·山村 (illustrated, reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 95. ISBN 0521223539.
^ Brown, Delmer Myers; Hall, John Whitney; Shively, Donald H.; McCullough, William H.; Jansen, Marius B.; Yamamura, Kōzō; Duus, Peter, eds. (1988). The Cambridge History of Japan, Volume 2. Vol. 2 of The Cambridge History of Japan: Heian Japan. 耕造·山村 (illustrated, reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. xxi. ISBN 0521223539.