Track II diplomacy

Track II diplomacy is the practice of "non-governmental, informal and unofficial contacts and activities between private citizens or groups of individuals, sometimes called 'non-state actors.'"^[1] It contrasts with track I diplomacy, which is official, governmental diplomacy that occurs inside official government channels.^[2] However, track two diplomacy is not a substitute replacement for track one diplomacy. Rather, it is there to assist official actors to manage and resolve conflicts by exploring possible solutions derived from the public view and without the requirements of formal negotiation or bargaining for advantage.^[3] In addition, the term track 1.5 diplomacy is used by some analysts to define a situation where official and non-official actors cooperate in conflict resolution.^[4]

^ Diamond & McDonald, 1991, p. 1.
^ Kaye, 2007, p. 5.
^ Montville, 1991, pp. 162–163.
^ United States Institute of Peace, Glossary of Terms for Conflict Management and Peacebuilding, "Tracks of diplomacy".

[1] Diamond & McDonald, 1991, p. 1.

[2] Kaye, 2007, p. 5.

[3] Montville, 1991, pp. 162–163.

[4] United States Institute of Peace, Glossary of Terms for Conflict Management and Peacebuilding, "Tracks of diplomacy".

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