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Transanal irrigation

Transanal irrigation
Other namesretrograde irrigation,[nb 1] anal irrigation,[1] rectal irrigation,[1] bowel irrigation,[2] transanal colonic irrigation,[3] bowel washouts.[4]
SpecialtyGastroenterology

Transanal irrigation is medical procedure in which water is used to evacuate feces from the rectum and descending colon via the anus.[5][1]

Transanal irrigation uses a large volume water enema system.[2] It is carried out every day (or every 2 days) by the patient or carer as a long term management for bowel dysfunction, including fecal incontinence and/or constipation (especially obstructed defecation).

Although the procedure and general goals may be similar, transanal irrigation is different from colon cleansing (colon hydrotherapy), which is a term used in alternative medicine. Transanal irrigation is used for medical conditions which affect defecation, such as spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. Colon cleansing is used outside of mainstream medical supervision, and may be used in the belief that the procedure removes toxins from the body.

The impact of transanal irrigation varies considerably. Some individuals experience complete control of incontinence, and other report little or no benefit.[5] Evidence shows this treatment can be considered for children as well.[6][7] When diet and medication has proven ineffective, transanal irrigation may be used.[5][8]


Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ a b c Woodward, S (14 December 2017). "Treating chronic constipation and faecal incontinence using transanal irrigation". British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen Publishing). 26 (22): 1220–1222. doi:10.12968/bjon.2017.26.22.1220. PMID 29240487.
  2. ^ a b Cifu, DX, ed. (1 August 2020). Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 426, 427. ISBN 978-0-323-62540-1.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Faaborg2010 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Yates2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b c Emmanuel, A V; Krogh, K; Bazzocchi, G; Leroi, A-M; Bremers, A; Leder, D; van Kuppevelt, D; Mosiello, G; Vogel, M; Perrouin-Verbe, B; Coggrave, M; Christensen, P (20 August 2013). "Consensus review of best practice of transanal irrigation in adults" (PDF). Spinal Cord. 51 (10): 732–738. doi:10.1038/sc.2013.86. PMID 23958927.
  6. ^ Corbett, P V; Denny, A; Dick, K; Malone, PS; Griffin, S; Stanton, MP (April 2014). "Peristeen integrated transanal irrigation system treats feacel incontinence in children". Pediatric Urology. 10 (2): 219–22. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2013.08.006. PMID 24439630.
  7. ^ Mosiello, Giovanni; Marshall, David; Rolle, Udo; Crétolle, Célia; Santacruz, Bruno G.; Frischer, Jason; Benninga, Marc A. (2017). "Consensus Review of Best Practice of Transanal Irrigation in Children". Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 64 (3): 343–352. doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000001483. PMID 27977546. S2CID 34911976.
  8. ^ (UK), National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (2007). Faecal incontinence the management of faecal incontinence in adults. London: National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK). ISBN 978-0-9549760-4-0.

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