Back تحفيز مغناطيسي للدماغ Arabic Transkranial maqnit stimulyasiyası Azerbaijani Transkranielle Magnetstimulation BAR Estimulació magnètica transcranial Catalan Transkraniel Magnetisk Stimulation Danish Transkranielle Magnetstimulation German Estimulación magnética transcraneana Spanish Transkraniaalne magnetstimulatsioon Estonian تحریک مغناطیسی مغز Persian Transkraniaalinen magneettistimulaatio Finnish

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
(schematic diagram)
SpecialtyPsychiatry, neurology
MeSHD050781

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive neurostimulation technique in which a changing magnetic field is used to induce an electric current in a targeted area of the brain through electromagnetic induction. A device called a stimulator generates electric pulses that are delivered to a magnetic coil placed against the scalp. The resulting magnetic field penetrates the skull and induces a secondary electric current in the underlying brain tissue, modulating neural activity.[1][2]

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe, effective, and FDA-approved treatment for major depressive disorder (approved in 2008), chronic pain (2013), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (2018).[3] It has strong evidence for certain neurological and psychiatric conditions—especially depression (with a large effect size), neuropathic pain, and stroke recovery—and emerging advancements like iTBS and image-guided targeting may improve its efficacy and efficiency.[4][5]

Adverse effects of TMS appear rare and include fainting and seizure, which occur in roughly 0.1% of patients and are usually attributable to administration error.[6]

  1. ^ "Transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating and preventing migraine". National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. January 2014.
  2. ^ Miller, Michael Craig (July 26, 2012). "Magnetic stimulation: a new approach to treating depression?". Harvard Health Publishing.
  3. ^ Mann, Sukhmanjeet Kaur; Malhi, Narpinder K. (6 March 2023). "Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
  4. ^ Lefaucheur JP, Aleman A, Baeken C, Benninger DH, Brunelin J, et al. (February 2020). "Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS): An update (2014-2018)". Clin Neurophysiol. 131 (2): 474–528. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.11.002. hdl:10362/147799. PMID 31901449.
  5. ^ McClintock, S. M.; Carpenter, L. L.; Downar, J.; et al. (2025). "Consensus review and considerations on TMS to treat depression". *Journal of the Neurological Sciences*. 459: 121579. doi:[10.1016/j.jns.2024.121579](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2024.121579).
  6. ^ Rossi; et al. (January 2021). "Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert Guidelines". Clinical Neurophysiology. 132 (1): 269–306. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.003. PMC 9094636. PMID 33243615. S2CID 225049093.

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