Tupolev Tu-134

Tu-134
A Tretyakovo Air Transport Tu-134 at Domodedovo International Airport
Role	Airliner Type of aircraft
National origin	Soviet Union
Design group	Tupolev
Built by	Kharkiv State Aircraft Manufacturing Company
First flight	29 July 1963
Introduction	9 September 1970 [1]
Status	In limited use
Primary users	Aeroflot (historical) Soviet Air Force (historical) Air Koryo ALROSA (historical)
Produced	1966–1989[2]
Number built	854 (852 + 2 prototypes)[2]
Developed from	Tupolev Tu-124

The Tupolev Tu-134 (NATO reporting name: Crusty) is a twin-engined, narrow-body jet airliner built in the Soviet Union for short and medium-haul routes from 1966 to 1989. The original version featured a glazed-nose design and, like certain other Russian airliners (including its sister model the Tu-154), it can operate from unpaved airfields.

One of the most widely used aircraft in former Comecon countries, the number in active service is decreasing because of operational safety concerns and noise restrictions. The model has seen long-term service with some 42 countries, with some European airlines having scheduled as many as 12 daily takeoffs and landings per plane. In addition to regular passenger service, it has also been used in various air force, army and navy support roles; for pilot and navigator training; and for aviation research and test projects. In recent years, a number of Tu-134s have been converted for use as VIP transports and business jets. A total of 854 Tu-134s were built of all versions (including test bed examples) with Aeroflot as the largest user; by 1995, the Tu-134 had carried 360 million passengers for that airline.