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Tyrian purple

"Royal purple" redirects here. For other uses, see Royal Purple (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Byzantium (color), a modern colour.
For chemistry of Tyrian purple, see 6,6'-Dibromoindigo.
Fabrics dyed in the current era from different species of sea snail. The colours in this photograph may not represent them precisely.

Tyrian purple (Ancient Greek: πορφύρα porphúra; Latin: purpura), also known as royal purple, imperial purple, or imperial dye, is a reddish-purple natural dye. The name Tyrian refers to Tyre, Lebanon, once Phoenicia. It is secreted by several species of predatory sea snails in the family Muricidae, rock snails originally known by the name Murex (Bolinus brandaris, Hexaplex trunculus and Stramonita haemastoma). In ancient times, extracting this dye involved tens of thousands of snails and substantial labour, and as a result, the dye was highly valued. The colored compound is 6,6'-dibromoindigo.

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