Union army

Union army
Flag of the United States from 1863 until 1865 (35 states/stars)
Country	United States
Type	Army
Size	2,128,948 (700,000 peak)
Part of	U.S. Department of War
Colors	Dark Blue
March	"Battle Hymn of the Republic"
Engagements	See battles American Indian Wars American Civil War Fort Sumter First Bull Run Wilson's Creek Forts Henry and Donelson Shenandoah South Mills Richmond Harpers Ferry Munfordville Shepherdstown Chambersburg Raid Mississippi River Peninsula Shiloh Jackson's Valley Campaign Second Bull Run South Mountain Antietam Hartsville Fredericksburg Stones River Chancellorsville Gettysburg Champion Hill Vicksburg siege Corydon Chickamauga Chattanooga Wilderness Atlanta Spotsylvania Sabine Pass New Hope Church Pickett's Mill Cold Harbor Plymouth Fort Pillow Petersburg siege Kennesaw Mountain Jonesborough Franklin Nashville Appomattox Court House
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief	President Abraham Lincoln (1861–1865) President Andrew Johnson (1865)
Commanding General	MG Winfield Scott (1841–1861) MG George B. McClellan (1861–1862) MG Henry W. Halleck (1862–1864) GA Ulysses S. Grant (1864–1869)[1]

During the American Civil War, the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the collective Union of the states, was often referred to as the Union army, the federal army, or the northern army. It proved essential to the restoration and preservation of the United States as a working, viable republic.

The Union army was made up of the permanent regular army of the United States, but further fortified, augmented, and strengthened by the many temporary units of dedicated volunteers, as well as including those who were drafted in to service as conscripts. To this end, the Union army fought and ultimately triumphed over the efforts of the Confederate States Army.

Over the course of the war, 2,128,948 men enlisted in the Union army,^[2] including 178,895, or about 8.4% being colored troops; 25% of the white men who served were immigrants, and a further 18% were second-generation Americans.^[3] 596,670 Union soldiers were killed, wounded or went missing during the war.^[4] The initial call-up in 1861 was for just three months, after which many of these men chose to reenlist for an additional three years.