Back Valdivia Afrikaans Valdivia ANG فالديفيا Arabic فالديفيا ARZ Valdivia AST Valdivia Aymara Valdiviya Azerbaijani Valdivia BAR Valdėvėjė BAT-SMG Вальдывія Byelorussian
Valdivia | |
|---|---|
 From top to bottom, left to right: Valdivia waterfront; town square; Hotel Naguilán (top); Sciences Building of Austral University (bottom); Los Canelos tower; Rodolfo Amando Philippi Museum; Historical and Anthropologic Museum Maurice van de Maele; St. Francisco Church; Prochelle House; Dreams Hotel & Casino; Los Lotos Lagoon on Teja Island; Mapuche's Rewe; and Botanical Garden of Valdivia | |
  Valdivia Location in Chile | |
| Nickname(s): The City of Rivers, The Pearl of the South of Chile, Chile's Brewery Capital | |
| Motto(s): Muy Noble y Muy Leal ("Most noble and most loyal") | |
| Coordinates: 39°48′50″S 73°14′45″W / 39.81389°S 73.24583°W | |
| Country | Chile |
| Region | Los Ríos |
| Province | Valdivia |
| Founded as | Santa María la Blanca de Valdivia |
| Founded | 9 February 1552 |
| Named for | Pedro de Valdivia |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Alcaldesa | Carla Amtmann (RD) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,015.6 km2 (392.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
| Population (2017 Census)[3] | |
| • Total | 150,048 |
| • Density | 150/km2 (380/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 129,952 |
| • Rural | 10,607 |
| Demonym | Valdivian |
| Sex | |
| • Men | 68,510 |
| • Women | 72,049 |
| Time zone | UTC−04:00 (CLT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−03:00 (CLST) |
| Postal code | 5090000 |
| Area code | country 56 + city 63 |
| Climate | Cfb |
| Website | Municipality of Valdivia (in Spanish) |
Valdivia (Spanish pronunciation: [balˈdiβja]; Mapuche: Ainil) is a city and commune in southern Chile, administered by the Municipality of Valdivia. The city is named after its founder, Pedro de Valdivia, and is located at the confluence of the Calle-Calle, Valdivia, and Cau-Cau Rivers, approximately 15 km (9 mi) east of the coastal towns of Corral and Niebla. Since October 2007, Valdivia has been the capital of Los Ríos Region and is also the capital of Valdivia Province. The national census of 2017 recorded the commune of Valdivia as having 166,080 inhabitants (Valdivianos),[4] of whom 150,048 were living in the city.[5] The main economic activities of Valdivia include tourism, wood pulp manufacturing, forestry, metallurgy, and beer production. The city is also the home of the Austral University of Chile, founded in 1954 and the Centro de Estudios Científicos.
The city of Valdivia and the Chiloé Archipelago were once the two southernmost outliers of the Spanish Empire. From 1645 to 1740, the city depended directly on the Viceroyalty of Peru, which financed the building of the Valdivian fort system that turned Valdivia into one of the most fortified cities of the New World.[6] In the mid-19th century, Valdivia was the port of entry for German immigrants who settled in the city and surrounding areas.
In 1960, Valdivia was severely damaged by the Great Chilean earthquake, the most powerful earthquake ever recorded, at magnitude 9.5.[7] The earthquake caused c. 2 m of subsidence around Valdivia leaving large areas of former pastures and cultivated fields permanently flooded.[8] Today there are various protected wetlands[9] within the urbanised area of Valdivia as well as in its outskirts.[10]
- ^ "Asociación Chilena de Municipalidades" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 April 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
- ^ "Municipality of Valdivia" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 October 2000. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
- ^ a b c "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2010.
- ^ "Censo 2017: Primera entrega de resultados definitivos - Cantidad de personas por sexo y edad" (in Spanish). National Statistics Institute. 2019. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Ciudades, pueblos, aldeas y caceríos 2019" (PDF) (in Spanish). National Statistics Institute. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "The Defensive Complex of Valdivia". Entry on the UNESCO Tentative List. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey (March 7, 2006). Historic Earthquakes – Chile – 1960 May 22 19:11:14 UTC – Magnitude 9.5: The Largest Earthquake in the World. Archived 2009-10-07 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007-01-09
- ^ Ramirez, C., E. Carrasco, S. Mariani & N. Palacios. 2006. La desaparición del luchecillo (Egeria densa) del Santuario del Rio Cruces (Valdivia, Chile): una hipótesis plausible. Ciencia & Trabajo, 20: 79-86
- ^ "Ley de Humedales Urbanos 21.202 y su Reglamento". Ministerio del Medio Ambiente (in Spanish). Government of Chile. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ Vallejos, Gabriel; Salgado, Daniela (10 December 2021). "Reconocen como humedales urbanos a Angachilla y el sector de Isla Teja en Valdivia]". Radio Bío-Bío (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
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