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Valence populism is a form of populism linked to political parties or politicians whose positions cannot be clearly placed on the left–right political spectrum and mainly promote valence issues that are widely approved by voters. Such popular valence issues include anti-corruption, government transparency, democratic reform, and moral integrity. Valence populism is associated with anti-establishment sentiment and lacks a consistent ideology, unlike left-wing or right-wing populism.
The concept of valence populism was largely built by political scientist Mattia Zulianello. It has usually been found in parties in Central and Eastern Europe. Despite this, the best known example is the Italian Five Star Movement. Other parties that have been described as valence populist include the Czech ANO 2011, Bulgarian GERB, Croatian Human Shield, Slovak OĽaNO, and Slovenian List of Marjan Šarec. Techno-populism is a variant of valence populism.
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