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Velir

Velir
A statue of the Sangam period Velir king
CountryIndia
Current regionSouth India
TitlesSatyaputra
Connected familiesAy
Athiyamān
Irunkōvēl
Ilanji Vel
Malayamān
Nanan
Vēl Pāri
Vel Avi Pekan

The Velir [1][2][3][4][5] were a royal house of minor dynastic kings and aristocratic chieftains in Tamilakam in the early historic period of South India.[6] They had close relations with Chera, Chola and Pandya rulers through ruling and coronation rights.[7][8][9] Medieval inscriptions and Sangam literature claim that they belong to the Yadu dynasty.[10][11][12] Velir may refer to master of land.[13]

  1. ^ Pruthi, R.; Sharma, B.R. (1995). Buddhism, Jainism and Women. Encyclopaedia of women society and culture series. Anmol Publications. p. 99. ISBN 978-81-7488-085-7.
  2. ^ Sivaratnam, C. (1964). An Outline of the Cultural History and Principles of Hinduism. Stangard Printers. p. 36. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  3. ^ Chakravarti, A. (1953). Tirukkural (in Lithuanian). Diocesan Press. p. 25.
  4. ^ Orr, L.C. (2000). Donors, Devotees, and Daughters of God: Temple Women in Medieval Tamilnadu. South Asia Research. Oxford University Press. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-19-535672-4. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  5. ^ Iyer, L.A.K. (1968). Social History of Kerala: The Dravidians. Monographs on man in India. Book Centre Publications. p. 4. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  6. ^ Mahadevan, Iravatham (2009). "Meluhha and Agastya : Alpha and Omega of the Indus Script" (PDF). Chennai, India. p. 16. The story of the southern migration of the Vēḷir from Dvārakā under the leadership of Agastya is narrated by Naccinarkkiniyar in his commentary on Tolkāppiyam (pāyiram ; Poruḷ. 34). According to this legend, the gods congregated on Mount Meru as a result of which the earth tilted, lowering Meru and raising the southern quarter. The gods thereupon decided that Agastya was the best person to remedy this situation and requested him to proceed to the South. Agastya agreed and, on his way, visited Tuvarāpati' (Dvārakā) and led the descendants of neṭu-muṭi-an|n|al (Viṣṇu or Krṣṇa) including eighteen kings, eighteen families of the Vēḷir and the Aruvāḷar' to the south, where they settled down clearing the forests and cultivating the land.
  7. ^ de Laet, S.J.; Herrmann, J. (1996). History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. History of Humanity. Routledge. p. 382. ISBN 978-92-3-102812-0. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  8. ^ Singh, K.S.; Thirumalai, R.; Manoharan, S.; Anthropological Survey of India (1997). Tamil Nadu. People of India. Affiliated East-West Press [for] Anthropological Survey of India. p. 1647. ISBN 978-81-85938-88-2. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  9. ^ Cuppiramaṇiyan̲, C.V.; Tirunāvukkaracu, K.T.; International Institute of Tamil Studies (1983). Historical Heritage of the Tamils. Publication (International Institute of Tamil Studies). International Institute of Tamil Studies. p. 269. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  10. ^ Padmaja, T. (2001). Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: History, Art, and Traditions in Tamilnāḍu. Institute of Asian Studies. pp. 33–35. ISBN 9788170173984.
  11. ^ van Bakel, M.; Hagesteijn, R.; van de Velde, P. (1994). Pivot politics: changing cultural identities in early state formation processes. Het Spinhuis. p. 175. ISBN 978-90-5589-007-1. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  12. ^ Ayyar, K.R.S.; Government Museum (Chennai, India) (2002). Inscriptions in the Pudukkóttai State. Inscriptions in the Pudukkóttai State. Commissioner of Museums, Government of Tamilnadu. p. 15. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  13. ^ R, Naga Swami (1980). Art And Culture Of Tamilnadu. Delhi Sundeep Prakashan. p. 12.

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