Venera-D

Venera-D

Artist's concept of the Venera-D spacecraft approaching clouds-veiled Venus
Mission type	Venus orbiter and lander
Operator	Russian Federal Space Agency
Mission duration	Orbiter: ≥3 years (proposed)[1] Lander: >3 h[2] LLISSE surface probe: ≈90 Earth days[2]
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass	4,800 kg (10,600 lb)[3]
Dry mass	Orbiter: 990 kg (2,180 lb)[4] Lander: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb)[5]
Payload mass	Orbiter instruments: 1,200 kg (2,600 lb)[4] Lander instruments: 85 kg (187 lb)[3]
Power	Orbiter: 1,700 W [4]
Start of mission
Launch date	November 2029 (proposed)[3]
Rocket	Angara A5[4]
Launch site	Vostochny Cosmodrome[6]
Orbital parameters
Regime	polar
Pericytherion altitude	300 km (190 mi)
Apocytherion altitude	500 km (310 mi)[4]
Inclination	90°
Period	24 h[4][2]
Venus orbiter
Spacecraft component	Orbiter
Venus lander
Spacecraft component	Lander
Transponders
Band	X band, Ka band[4]
Capacity	16 Mbit/sec[4]
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Venera-D (Russian: Венера-Д, pronounced [vʲɪˈnʲɛrə ˈdɛ]) is a proposed Russian space mission to Venus that would include an orbiter and a lander to be launched in 2029.^[3] The orbiter's prime objective is to perform observations with the use of a radar. The lander, based on the Venera design, would be capable of operating for a long duration (≈3 h)^[2] on the planet's surface. The "D" in Venera-D stands for "dolgozhivuschaya," which means "long lasting" in Russian.^[7]

Venera-D will be the first Venus probe launched by the Russian Federation (the earlier Venera probes were launched by the former Soviet Union). Venera-D will serve as the flagship for a new generation of Russian-built Venus probes, culminating with a lander capable of withstanding the harsh Venusian environment for more than the 11⁄2 hours logged by the Soviet probes. The surface of Venus experiences average temperatures of 462 °C (864 °F), crushing 90 bar (89 atm; 1,300 psi) pressures, and corroding clouds of carbon dioxide laced with sulfuric acid. Venera-D will be launched on an Angara A5 rocket.^[4]