Veterinary chiropractic

Veterinary chiropractic, also known as animal chiropractic, is chiropractic for animals – a type of spinal manipulation.^[1] Veterinary chiropractors typically treat horses, racing greyhounds, and pets.^[2] Veterinary chiropractic is a controversial method due to a lack of evidence as to the efficacy of chiropractic methods.^[3] Contrary to traditional medicine, chiropractic therapies are alternative medicine.^[4] There is some degree of risk associated with even skilled manipulation in animals as the potential for injury exists with any technique used.^[5] The founder of chiropractic, Daniel David Palmer, used the method on animals, partly to challenge claims that the placebo effect was responsible for favorable results in humans.^[6] Chiropractic treatment of large animals dates back to the early 1900s.^[7] As of 2019^[update], many states in the US provide statutory or regulatory guidelines for the practice of chiropractic and related treatments on animals, generally requiring some form of veterinary involvement.^[8]