War of the League of the Indies

War of the League of the Indies
16th century Portuguese carracks (naus) and galleys
Date December 1570–1575 Location Western India and the Straits of Malacca Result Portuguese victory
Belligerents
Portuguese Empire	Sultanate of Bijapur Sultanate of Ahmadnagar Zamorin of Calicut Sultanate of Aceh Co-belligerents: Princely states of the Kanara coast Kalinyamat Sultanate Sultanate of Ternate Sultanate of Tidore Sultanate of Golkonda
Commanders and leaders
Dom Luís de Ataíde Dom Luís Freire de Andrade Dom Francisco de Mascarenhas Dom Jorge de Castro  Dom Luís de Melo da Silva	Ali Adil Shah I of Bijapur X Murtaza Nizam Shah I X Alauddin al-Kahar Ali Ri'ayat Syah I Mana Vikrama of Calicut Kutti Pokkar Marakkar Ki Demat
Strength
Over 5,000 soldiers (at the beginning of the war) 1500 Christian lascarins 1000 armed slaves 500 militia over 20 galleons or naus [1] 20 galleys 100 smaller craft	Sultanate of Bijapur: 33,000 infantry 35,000 cavalry 2000 elephants 350 cannon Sultanate of Ahmadnagar: over 100,000 men 34,000 cavalry 370 war elephants 38 cannon Sultanate of Aceh: 7000 men 25 galleys 34 half-galleys 30 small craft Kalinyamat Sultanate 15,000 men 70 junks 200 small craft Kingdom of Garsopa 5000 men 400 horse
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Over 25,000

The War of the League of the Indies (December 1570–1575) was a military conflict in which a pan-Asian alliance formed primarily by the Sultanate of Bijapur, the Sultanate of Ahmadnagar, the Kingdom of Calicut, and the Sultanate of Aceh, referred to by the Portuguese historian António Pinto Pereira as the "league of kings of India", "the confederated kings", or simply "the league", attempted to overturn Portuguese presence in the Indian Ocean. This was attempted through a combined assault on some of the main possessions of the Portuguese State of India: Malacca, Chaul, Chale fort, and the capital of the maritime empire in Asia, Goa.

The Portuguese successfully resisted all sieges against the "league", with the exception of a small fort in the outskirts of Calicut that fell to the Zamorin, the ruler of Calicut. It would be the first time the Portuguese formally capitulated in India.^[2]

It was a total war, as the Portuguese were forced to mobilize every available means to resist the assault.^[3]