White rhinoceros

White rhinoceros; Temporal range: Early Pleistocene - Recent
	A white rhinoceros in South Africa
Conservation status
	; Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)
	CITES Appendix I (CITES)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Perissodactyla
Family:	Rhinocerotidae
Genus:	Ceratotherium
Species:	C. simum
Binomial name
	Ceratotherium simum; (Burchell, 1817)
Subspecies
	Ceratotherium simum cottoni (northern); Ceratotherium simum simum (southern)
	White rhinoceros original range. Northern (C. s. cottoni) Southern (C. s. simum))
	Northern white rhino distribution range according to the IUCN. Extant and assisted colonisation (Resident) Extinct Possibly extinct
	Southern white rhino distribution range according to the IUCN. Extant (Resident) Extant and reintroduced (Resident) Extant and assisted colonisation (Resident) Presence uncertain & assisted colonisation
Synonyms
	Rhinoceros simum (Burchell, 1817);

The white rhinoceros, white rhino or square-lipped rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is the largest extant species of rhinoceros. It has a wide mouth used for grazing and is the most social of all rhino species. The white rhinoceros consists of two subspecies: the southern white rhinoceros, with an estimated 16,803 wild-living animals,^[3] and the much rarer northern white rhinoceros. The northern subspecies has very few remaining individuals, with only two confirmed left in 2018 (two females: Fatu, 18 and Najin, 29, both in captivity). Sudan, the world's last known male northern white rhinoceros, died in Kenya on 19 March 2018 at age 45.^[4]

^ Grubb, P. (2005). "Order Perissodactyla". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 634–635. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ ^a ^b Emslie, R. (2020). "Ceratotherium simum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4185A45813880. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T4185A45813880.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ "Rhino population figures". SaveTheRhino.org. 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
^ "World's last male northern white rhino dies". CNN. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 20 March 2018.

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] Grubb, P. (2005). "Order Perissodactyla". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 634–635. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[iucn_status_19_November_2021-2] Emslie, R. (2020). "Ceratotherium simum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4185A45813880. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T4185A45813880.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

[savetherhino-4] "Rhino population figures". SaveTheRhino.org. 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2023.

[cnn-5] "World's last male northern white rhino dies". CNN. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 20 March 2018.

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White rhinoceros^[1] Temporal range: Early Pleistocene - Recent

A white rhinoceros in South Africa
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)^[2]
CITES Appendix I (CITES)^[2]^{[note 1]}
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Perissodactyla
Family:	Rhinocerotidae
Genus:	Ceratotherium
Species:	C. simum
Binomial name
*Ceratotherium simum* (Burchell, 1817)
Subspecies
Ceratotherium simum cottoni (northern) Ceratotherium simum simum (southern)

White rhinoceros original range. Northern (C. s. cottoni) Southern (C. s. simum))

Northern white rhino distribution range according to the IUCN. Extant and assisted colonisation (Resident) Extinct Possibly extinct

Southern white rhino distribution range according to the IUCN. Extant (Resident) Extant and reintroduced (Resident) Extant and assisted colonisation (Resident) Presence uncertain & assisted colonisation
Synonyms
Rhinoceros simum (Burchell, 1817)