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Wiranto | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait, 2019 | |
| 5th Chairperson of the Presidential Advisory Council | |
| Assumed office 13 December 2019 | |
| President | Joko Widodo |
| Preceded by | Sri Adiningsih |
| 6th Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs | |
| In office 27 July 2016 – 20 October 2019 | |
| President | Joko Widodo |
| Preceded by | Luhut Binsar Panjaitan |
| Succeeded by | Mahfud MD |
| In office 26 October 1999 – 15 February 2000 | |
| President | Abdurrahman Wahid |
| Preceded by | Feisal Tanjung |
| Succeeded by | Soerjadi Soedirdja |
| 1st General Chairman of the People's Conscience Party | |
| In office 21 December 2006 – 21 December 2016 | |
| Preceded by | New political party |
| Succeeded by | Oesman Sapta Odang |
| 19th Minister of Defense and Security | |
| In office 14 March 1998 – 20 October 1999 | |
| President | |
| Preceded by | Edi Sudradjat |
| Succeeded by | Juwono Sudarsono |
| 12th Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces | |
| In office 16 February 1998 – 26 October 1999 | |
| President |
|
| Preceded by | General Feisal Tanjung |
| Succeeded by | Admiral Widodo Adi Sutjipto |
| 19th Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army | |
| In office 7 June 1997 – 16 February 1998 | |
| President | Suharto |
| Preceded by | General Raden Hartono |
| Succeeded by | General Subagyo Hadi Siswoyo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 April 1947 Yogyakarta, Indonesia |
| Political party | Independent |
| Other political affiliations | |
| Spouse |
Rugaiya Usman (m. 1975) |
| Alma mater | |
| Occupation | |
| Website | Archived website |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Indonesia |
| Branch/service | Indonesian Army |
| Years of service | 1968–1999 |
| Rank | General |
| Unit | Infantry |
| Commands | |
| Battles/wars | Operation Lotus |
| Service no. | 22166 |
Wiranto (born 4 April 1947) is an Indonesian politician and retired army general, who is serving as the chairman of the Presidential Advisory Council, since December 2019. Previously, he was the Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces from February 1998 to October 1999 during Indonesia's transition from authoritarian rule to democracy, he ran unsuccessfully for President of Indonesia in 2004 and for the vice-presidency in 2009. On 27 July 2016, Wiranto was appointed Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, replacing Luhut Binsar Panjaitan.[1][2]
Wiranto played a significant role in facilitating severe human rights violations by the Indonesian army and Jakarta-backed militias, during Indonesia's withdrawal from the occupied territory of East Timor in 1999. Both the United Nations and domestic groups have gathered evidence on this, but he continues to deny the charges. In January 2000, an Indonesian commission placed general responsibility for these injustices on Wiranto.[3] In May 2004, the United Nations-backed Special Panels of the Dili District Court indicted Wiranto and charged him with war crimes.[4] Wiranto claimed the move was an effort to discredit his political ambitions.[5]
Some claim that Wiranto played a key role as a moderating influence during the turbulent times of 1998 when Suharto resigned. He had the power to impose military rule, but refused to do so, thereby allowing the civilian process to develop.[6] Taufik Darusman labeled him a "military reformist" because Wiranto reduced the military's role in Indonesian politics. He initiated the reduction of their seats in parliament and separated the police from the military.[7] Nonetheless, more than 2,000 East Timorese were killed in violence under his watch, as well as 500,000 forced into displacement.[8] The security forces of Indonesia also perpetrated the Biak massacre in July 1998 , when Wiranto was the Minister of Defense of Indonesia.[9]
- ^ "Wiranto named Indonesia's top security minister". aljazeera.com. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ Amindoni, Ayomi (27 July 2016). "Wiranto replaces Luhut as security minister". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
- ^ Nunan, Patricia (31 January 2000). "Summary of Indonesian Human-Rights". Globalpolicy.org. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
- ^ "Indonesia: Indicted General Unfit for Presidential Bid". Human Rights Watch. 22 April 2004. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- ^ Aglionby, John (11 May 2004). "UN issues warrant for Indonesian general". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
- ^ Harsono, Andreas; Lobe, Jim (27 April 2004). "Indonesia: Ex-generals ready for election battle". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 3 May 2004. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Yamin, Kafil (30 August 2003). "Indonesia's Wiranto: Reform as a military duty". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 30 August 2003. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Ad-Hoc Court for East Timor". Global Policy Forum. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- ^ "The Biak massacre citizens tribunal".
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