Yenisey

Yenisey
The confluence of the rivers Kaa-Khem and Piy-Khem near Kyzyl
The Yenisey basin, including Lake Baikal
Etymology	from either Old Kyrgyz Эне-Сай (Ene-Sai, "mother river") or Evenki Ионэсси (Ionəssi, "big water")[1][2]
Native name	Енисей (Russian)
Location
Country	Mongolia, Russia
Region	Tuva, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Khakassia, Irkutsk Oblast, Buryatia, Zabaykalsky Krai
Cities	Kyzyl, Shagonar, Sayanogorsk, Abakan, Divnogorsk, Krasnoyarsk, Yeniseysk, Lesosibirsk, Igarka, Dudinka
Physical characteristics
Source	Mungaragiyn-Gol
• location	ridge Dod-Taygasyn-Noroo, Mongolia
• coordinates	50°43′46″N 98°39′49″E / 50.72944°N 98.66361°E / 50.72944; 98.66361
• elevation	3,351 m (10,994 ft)
2nd source	The most distant source: Yenisey-Angara-Selenga-Ider system
• location	Khangai Mountains
• coordinates	47°54′47″N 97°57′1″E / 47.91306°N 97.95028°E / 47.91306; 97.95028
• elevation	2,850 m (9,350 ft)
Mouth	Yenisey Gulf
• location	Arctic Ocean, Russia
• coordinates	71°50′0″N 82°40′0″E / 71.83333°N 82.66667°E / 71.83333; 82.66667
Length	3,487 km (2,167 mi)[3]
Basin size	2,554,482 km2 (986,291 sq mi) to 2,580,000 km2 (1,000,000 sq mi)[3]
Width
• minimum	90 m (300 ft)[3]
• maximum	5,000 m (16,000 ft)[4][3]
Depth
• minimum	5 m (16 ft)[3]
• average	14 m (46 ft)[4]
• maximum	66 m (217 ft)[4]
Discharge
• location	Igarka, Russia (Basin size 2,440,000 km2 (940,000 sq mi);[5] 2,442,735 km2 (943,145 sq mi)[6])
• average	(Period of data: 1971–2015)19,499 m3/s (688,600 cu ft/s)[6] 18,050 m3/s (637,000 cu ft/s)[5] (Period of data: 1999–2008) 636 km3/a (20,200 m3/s)[7]
• minimum	3,120 m3/s (110,000 cu ft/s)[5]
• maximum	112,000 m3/s (4,000,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Discharge
• location	Dudinka, Russia (Basin size 2,540,000 km2 (980,000 sq mi))
• average	(Period of data: 1999–2008) 673 km3/a (21,300 m3/s)[7]
Discharge
• location	Yenisey Gulf (near mouth)
• average	(Period of data: 1984–2018)637 km3/a (20,200 m3/s) (Period of data: 1940–2017) 588 km3/a (18,600 m3/s)[7] 620 km3/a (20,000 m3/s)[3]
• minimum	2,700 m3/s (95,000 cu ft/s)[4]
• maximum	190,000 m3/s (6,700,000 cu ft/s)[4]
Basin features
Tributaries
• right	Angara, Podkamennaya Tunguska, Nizhnyaya Tunguska

The Yenisey^[8] (Russian: Енисе́й, pronounced [jɪnʲɪˈsʲej])^[a], also romanised as Yenisei or Jenisej,^[9] is the fifth-longest river system in the world, and the largest to drain into the Arctic Ocean.

Rising in Mungaragiyn-gol in Mongolia, it follows a northerly course through Lake Baikal and the Krasnoyarsk Dam before draining into the Yenisey Gulf in the Kara Sea. The Yenisey divides the Western Siberian Plain in the west from the Central Siberian Plateau to the east; it drains a large part of central Siberia.

It is the central one of three large Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Ob and the Lena). The maximum depth of the Yenisey is 61 metres (200 ft) and the average depth is 14 metres (45 ft).

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