Zandaqa

Zindīq (pl. zanādiqa) is an Islamic pejorative applied to individuals who are considered to hold views or follow practices that are contrary to central Islamic dogmas.^[1] Zandaqa is the noun describing these views.^[2]

Zandaqa is usually translated as "heresy" and often used to "underscore the seriousness" of the religious error of the accused Muslim. It originally referred to the Manichaean Religion, but "soon came" to be applied to Muslims who were accused of concealing deviant beliefs.^[3]

^ Lewis, Bernard (1993), Islam in history: ideas, people, and events in the Middle East, Open Court, p. 287.
^ Blois, F.C. De (2012). "Zindīḳ". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). Brill. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_1389.(subscription required)
^ Adang, Camilla; Ansari, Hassan; Fierro, Maribel (2015). Accusations of Unbelief in Islam: A Diachronic Perspective on Takfīr. Brill. p. 18. ISBN 9789004307834. Retrieved 25 December 2020.

[Lewis-1] Lewis, Bernard (1993), Islam in history: ideas, people, and events in the Middle East, Open Court, p. 287.

[2] Blois, F.C. De (2012). "Zindīḳ". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). Brill. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_1389.(subscription required)

[Adang-2015-18-3] Adang, Camilla; Ansari, Hassan; Fierro, Maribel (2015). Accusations of Unbelief in Islam: A Diachronic Perspective on Takfīr. Brill. p. 18. ISBN 9789004307834. Retrieved 25 December 2020.

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