Zayd ibn Ali

Zayd ibn Ali
Zayd ibn Ali
زيد بن علي
6th Zaydi Imam
	In office; 714/715 CE – 739/740 CE
Preceded by	Hasan al-Muthana
Succeeded by	Yahya ibn Zayd
Title	Zayd the Martyr ; Arabic: زَيْد ٱلشَّهِيْد, romanized: Zayd ash-Shahīd; Ally of the Qur'an ; Arabic: حَلِيْف ٱلْقُرْأٓن, romanized: Ḥalīf Al-Qurʾān;
Personal
Born	80 AH ; ≈ 698 CE; Medina, Hejaz
Died	2nd Safar 122 AH ; ≈ 740 CE (aged 42)
Resting place	Kufa, Iraq
Religion	Islam
Spouse	Rayta bint Abd Allah al-Alawiyya
Children	Hasan; Yahya; Husayn Dhu al-Dam'a; Isa Mu'tam al-Ashbal; Muhammad;
Parents	Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (father); Jayda al-Sindiyya (mother);
Other names	Abū al-Ḥusayn (Kunya)

Zayd ibn ʿAlī (Arabic: زيد بن علي; 695–740), also spelled Zaid, was the son of Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, and great-grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib. He led an unsuccessful revolt against the Umayyad Caliphate, in which he died.^[1] The event gave rise to the Zaydiyya sect of Shia Islam, which holds him as the next Imam after his father Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Zayd ibn Ali is also seen as a major religious figure by many Sunnis and was supported by the prominent Sunni jurist, Abu Hanifa, who issued a fatwa in support of Zayd against the Umayyads.^[2]

To Twelver and Isma'ili Shias however, his elder half-brother Muhammad al-Baqir is seen as the next Imam of the Shias. Nevertheless, he is considered an important revolutionary figure by Shias and a martyr (shaheed) by all schools of Islam, Sunnis^[2] and Shias. The calling for revenge for his death, and for the brutal display of his body, contributed to the Abbasid Revolution.^[3]

Zayd was a learned religious scholar. Various works are ascribed to him, including Musnad al-Imam Zayd (published by E. Grifinni as Corpus Iuris di Zaid b. ʿAlī, also known as Majmuʿ al-Fiqh), possibly the earliest known work of Islamic law. However, the attribution is disputed; these likely represent early Kufan legal tradition.^[4]^[3]

^ Esposito, John L., ed. (2003). "Zayd ibn Ali". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1998-9120-7.
^ ^a ^b Ahkam al-Quran By Abu Bakr al-Jassas al-Razi, volume 1 page 100, published by Dar Al-Fikr Al-Beirutiyya
^ ^a ^b Madelung, Wilferd (2012). "Zayd b. ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-9-0041-6121-4.
^ Katz, Stanley N., ed. (2009). "Islamic Schools of Sacred Law". Islamic Schools of Sacred Law: Shiʿi Schools: The Zaydi School of Law. The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1953-3651-1.

[ODI-1] Esposito, John L., ed. (2003). "Zayd ibn Ali". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1998-9120-7.

[abuhanifa-2] Ahkam al-Quran By Abu Bakr al-Jassas al-Razi, volume 1 page 100, published by Dar Al-Fikr Al-Beirutiyya

[EoI-3] Madelung, Wilferd (2012). "Zayd b. ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-9-0041-6121-4.

[4] Katz, Stanley N., ed. (2009). "Islamic Schools of Sacred Law". Islamic Schools of Sacred Law: Shiʿi Schools: The Zaydi School of Law. The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1953-3651-1.

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Zayd ibn Ali
زيد بن علي

6th Zaydi Imam
In office 714/715 CE – 739/740 CE
Preceded by	Hasan al-Muthana
Succeeded by	Yahya ibn Zayd

Title	Zayd the Martyr Arabic: زَيْد ٱلشَّهِيْد, romanized: Zayd ash-Shahīd Ally of the Qur'an Arabic: حَلِيْف ٱلْقُرْأٓن, romanized: Ḥalīf Al-Qurʾān
Personal
Born	80 AH ≈ 698 CE Medina, Hejaz
Died	2nd Safar 122 AH ≈ 740 CE (aged 42)
Resting place	Kufa, Iraq
Religion	Islam
Spouse	Rayta bint Abd Allah al-Alawiyya
Children	Hasan Yahya Husayn Dhu al-Dam'a Isa Mu'tam al-Ashbal Muhammad
Parents	Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (father) Jayda al-Sindiyya (mother)
Other names	Abū al-Ḥusayn (Kunya)