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Zhang (surname)

For the less common surname 章, see Zhang (surname 章).
Zhang / Chang
Zhang king surname in regular script
RomanizationChang, Zhang (Mandarin)
Cheung (Cantonese)
Cheong (Macao, Malaysia)
Tiong, Diong (Eastern Min)
Tsan, Tsaon (Shanghainese)
Teoh, Teo (Hokkien, Teochew)
Tew (Teochew)
Chong, Cheong (Hakka)
Cheong (Gan)
Jang, Chang (장) (Korean)
Trương, Trang (Vietnamese)
Tjong (Indonesia)
PronunciationIPA: /tʂɑŋ˥/ (Mandarin IPA)
Zhāng (Mandarin Pinyin)
Zoeng1 (Cantonese Jyutping)
Tiuⁿ (Hokkien Pe̍h-ōe-jī)
Language(s)Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese
Origin
Language(s)Old Chinese
DerivationNie
Meaningdrawing a bow,[1]
archer, bowyer, a measure word

Zhang ([ʈʂáŋ] ; traditional Chinese: 張; simplified Chinese: 张) is the third most common surname in China and Taiwan (commonly spelled as Chang in Taiwan), and it is one of the most common surnames in the world.[2][3] It is spoken in the first tone Zhāng. It is a surname that exists in many languages and cultures, corresponding to the surname 'Archer' in English for example.[4] In the Wade–Giles system of romanization, it is romanized as Chang, which is commonly used in Taiwan. Cheung is commonly used in Hong Kong as a romanization. It is the 24th name on the Hundred Family Surnames poem, contained in the verse 何呂施張 (Hé Lǚ Shī Zhāng).

Zhang is also the pinyin romanization of the less-common surnames 章 (Zhāng), which is the 40th name on the Hundred Family Surnames poem, and 仉 (Zhǎng).

Today, it is one of the most common surnames in the world at over 100 million people worldwide.[5] Zhang was listed by the People's Republic of China's National Citizen ID Information System as the third-most-common surname in mainland China (April 2007), with 87.50 million bearers.[6][7]

A commonly cited but erroneous factoid in the 1990 Guinness Book of Records listed it as the world's most common surname,[8] but no comprehensive information from China was available at the time and more recent editions have not repeated the claim.

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference BaxSag was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Tongji weixun 统计微讯 (23 June 2014). 张、王、李、赵谁最多—2010年人口普查姓氏结构和分布特点. mp.weixin.qq.com (in Chinese). Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  3. ^ 最新版百家姓排行榜出炉：王姓成中国第一大姓 [Latest surname ranking: Wang is the number one surname in China]. Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 15 April 2013. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
  4. ^ "Zhang Family History". Ancestry.ca. Archived from the original on 17 July 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  5. ^ "What are the 10 most common last names in the world?". Reference.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
  6. ^ 公安部统计分析显示：王姓成为我国第一大姓. 新华网 (in Chinese). 24 April 2007. Archived from the original on 29 April 2007. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
  7. ^ "Chinese Surname Shortage Sparks Rethink". People's Daily Online. 20 June 2007. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
  8. ^ McFarlan, Donald (2001). 1990 Guinness Book of World Records. Sterling Pub. Co. ISBN 189205101X.

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