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Zojz (deity)

The cult practiced by the Albanians on Mount Tomorr in southern Albania is considered as a continuation of the ancient Indo-European sky-god worship.

Zojz[a] is a sky and lightning god in Albanian pagan mythology.[2] Regarded as the chief god and the highest of all gods, traces of his worship survived in northern Albania until the early 20th century, and in some forms still continue today.[3]

In ancient times Zojz is considered to have been presumably worshiped by Illyrians as the ancestors of the Albanians.[4] Albanian Zojz is the clear equivalent and cognate of Messapic Zis and Ancient Greek Zeus (all from Proto-Indo-European *Di̯ḗu̯s 'sky god').[5] The cult practiced by the Albanians on Mount Tomorr in central Albania is considered as a continuation of the ancient Indo-European sky-god worship.[6]

An epithet considered to be associated with the sky-god is "father", thought to be contained in the Albanian noun Zot ("Sky Father", from Proto-Albanian: *dźie̅u ̊ a(t)t-), used to refer to the Supreme Being.[7] In Albanian the god who rules the sky is referred to as i Bukuri i Qiellit ("the Beauty of the Sky"), who is sometimes also associated with the Sun.[8] The Albanian sky and lightning god could be related to Perëndi (another name for the Supreme Being), to Baba Tomor (father god in central Albanian folk beliefs), to Shurdh (weather and storm god in northern Albanian folk beliefs), and to the mythological demigod Drangue (Albanian culture hero).

An Albanian mythical tale concerning the highest of the gods, who uses thunderbolts to defeat the sea-storm god Talas, has been documented in the early 20th century from the Shala region in northern Albania.[9]

  1. ^ Sedaj 1982, p. 75; Çabej 1966, p. 373; Xhuvani et al. 1943, p. 18; Feizi 1929, p. 82.
  2. ^ Dedvukaj 2023, p. 1; Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 232; Søborg 2020, p. 74; Berishaj 2004, p. 49; Sedaj 1982, p. 75; Çabej 1966, p. 373; Mann 1952, p. 32; Mann 1948, p. 583; Feizi 1929, p. 82; Lambertz 1922, pp. 47, 143–144, 146–148.
  3. ^ Brahaj 2007, pp. 16–18; Cook 2010, p. 1171; Lambertz 1922, pp. 47, 143–144, 146–148.
  4. ^ Sedaj 1982, p. 75.
  5. ^ Søborg 2020, p. 74; Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 232; Dedvukaj 2023, p. 1.
  6. ^ Cook 2010, p. 1171.
  7. ^ Demiraj et al.; Curtis 2017, p. 1746; Kölligan 2017, p. 2254; Demiraj 2011, p. 70; Demiraj 2002, p. 34; Demiraj 1997, pp. 431–432; Mann 1977, p. 72; Treimer 1971, p. 32.
  8. ^ Lambertz 1949, p. 46; Fishta & Lambertz 1958, p. 284; Ushaku 1988, p. 101; Lurker 2005, p. 38.
  9. ^ Lambertz 1922, pp. 47, 146–148


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