Arrishaght

Ayns bea-oaylleeaght, ta arrishaght çheet er caslys eddyr daa phossan dy vioagyn ta coadey nane ny'n jees oc. Ta arrishaght chummey, ymmyrkey, heeanagh as hoar ry-akin, as yn arrishagh cummal 'syn ynnyd cheddin as y bun-hampleyr echey.^[1][2]

Ta arrishaght ayn tra ta possan dy vioagyn (arrishee) gaafilley co-hroyn marish possan elley (bun-hampleyryn), as ad ry-ennaghtyn ec bioagyn elley. 'Sy cheeayll s'lhea, t'eh goaill stiagh bun-hampleyryn neuvio. Ta'n aafilley shen liorish trimmid reihyssagh bioag molleydagh ta cronnaghey as toiggal (ny share, mee-hoiggal) y co-hro dy vondeishagh da'n arrishagh.^[2] Myr shen, ta ushagyn croghey er keeayll shilley dys feddyn shey-chassee blasstal ny meevlasstal; ta shen cur trimmid er adsyn blasstal dy yeeaghyn gollrish adsyn meevlasstal do nagh jed ad er ee. Cha nel eh casley rish aafilley co-chleaynagh^[noa] (convergent evolution), caslys eddyr daa ghooie er bun aafilley neuchroghee da aghtyn baghee ny da çhymbyllaghtyn ta cosoylagh rish y cheilley.

She corys arrishagh ee y chooish. She dooieyn ad ny possanyn son y chooid smoo, agh ny keayrtyn she keintys ny croo er lheh t'ayn. Ny keayrtyn, ta'n arrishagh jannoo arrish er y dooie echey hene (hene-arrishaght). Son y chooid smoo, she bioag eddyr eh y molleydagh, myr sampleyr co-chragheyder y daa ghooie; agh ny keayrtyn she y bun-hampleyr hene t'ayn, myr sampleyr lhemeen ta jannoo arrish er doo-oallee craghagh dys shaghey goll er ee.^[3]

Son y chooid smoo, ta arrishaght cur vondeish da'n arrishagh as jannoo jeeyl da'n volleydagh, agh t'eh croghey er y torçh dy arrishaght t'ayn. Ny keayrtyn, cha nodmayd feddyn bun-hampleyr er lheh da arrishagh; myr sampleyr, keiltynys ny cowrey sooilley^[noa] (eyespot). Ayns dagh cooish, ta'n cowrey moylley y molleydagh do nagh ver eh enney kiart er yn arrishagh. She sorçh dy cho-aafilley t'ayn, as immeeaght eillaghyn aafilleydagh^[noa] (evolutionary arms race) son y chooid smoo.^[4]

Ny keayrtyn, ta bun-hampleyr er lheh ec dagh amm bea yn arrishagh. Ta kuse dy ghooie yl-chrooagh as ta unnanee jannoo arrish er caghlaaghyn bun-hampleyr. Ny keayrtyn, ta ny smoo na un arrishagh ec bun-hampleyr ennagh, agh ta reih fo venkid^[noa] (frequency-dependent selection) cur foayr da corys as ny smoo bioagyn bun-hampleyragh na arrishagh ayn. Dy cadjin, ta faggys-mooinjerys eddyr bun-hampleyr as arrishagh, agh ta cooishyn elley ayn.^[5] Ta'n chooid smoo dy arrishee nyn shey-chassee.^[1] Ta arrishaght ry-akin mastey lossreeyn as fungyssyn myrgeddin.^[6][7][8]

1. ↑ ^{a b} Wickler, W. (1968). Mimicry in plants and animals. New York: McGraw-Hill.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Wickler, W. (1965). "Mimicry and the evolution of animal communication". Nature 208 (5010). doi:10.1038/208519a0. Bibcode: 1965Natur.208..519W. 
3. ↑ A moth in spider's clothing <<Neurophilosophy (2006-12-22). Feddynit er 2008-06-07. (includes video)
4. ↑ G.D. Ruxton; T.N. Sherratt & M.P. Speed (2004). Avoiding attack: the evolutionary ecology of crypsis, warning signals, and mimicry (Baarle), 161.
5. ↑ N. A. Campbell (1996). "50", Biology, 4oo (Baarle), New York: Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 0-8053-1957-3.
6. ↑ "Floral mimicry by Epidendrum ibaguense (Orchidaceae) in Panama" (1980). Evolution 34 (1). doi:10.2307/2408322. 
7. ↑ "The effects of pathogen-induced pseudoflowers and buttercups on each other's insect visitation" (1994). Ecology 75 (2). doi:10.2307/1939539. 
8. ↑ Wickler, Wolfgang (1998). "Mimicry", Encyclopædia Britannica, 15oo (Baarle), 144–151.