Harshen Tonga (Zambia da Zimbabwe)

Tonga (Chitonga), wanda aka fi sani da Zambezi, yare ne na Bantu wanda mutanen Tonga (Bantu Batonga) ke magana da shi wanda ke zaune galibi a lardin Kudancin, lardin Lusaka, lardin Tsakiya da lardin Yammacin Zambia, da kuma arewacin Zimbabwe, tare da wasu a arewa maso yammacin Mozambique. Harshen kuma ana magana da shi ta Mutanen Iwe, Toka da Leya da sauransu, da kuma yawancin Zambiya da Zimbabwe. A Zambia ana koyar da Tonga a makarantu a matsayin yare na farko a duk lardin Kudancin, Lusaka da lardunan Tsakiya.

Harshen memba ne na ƙungiyar Bantu Botatwe kuma Guthrie ya ware shi azaman M64. Duk da sunaye iri ɗaya, Tonga na Zambia bashi da alaƙa da Tonga na Malawi (N15) ko yaren Tonga na Mozambique (Gitonga: S62).

Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan yare a Zambiya, tare da Bemba, Lozi da Nyanja . Akwai yaruka daban-daban na Tonga guda biyu: Valley Tonga da Plateau Tonga. Kwarin Tonga galibi ana magana ne a cikin kwarin Zambezi da yankunan kudancin Batonga yayin da ake magana da Plateau Tonga a kusa da gundumar Monze da arewacin Batonga. ^[2]

Tonga ya ci gaba a matsayin yaren magana kuma ba a rubuta shi ba har sai da masu wa’azi a ƙasashen waje suka isa yankin a ƙarni na 19. Ko da yake ana samun karuwar wallafe-wallafe a cikin harshen, ba a daidaita su gaba ɗaya ba, kuma masu magana da yare ɗaya na iya samun nau'ikan haruffa iri ɗaya da zarar an sanya su cikin rubutu a rubuce. ^[3]

1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Tonga". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
2. ↑ A Practical Introduction to Chitonga, C.R. Hopgood, 1992 Edition, Zambia Educational Publishing House, p. x
3. ↑ Mweenzu Wafwulwe Ulalila Bowa (An Advanced Chitonga Language Course), R.N. Moonga and F.W. Wafer, Zambia Educational Publishing House, 1997, p. v